28 BULLETIN 308, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
must necessarily be made for such stands. The influence of stand 
density upon yield in saw timber and cordwood is discussed on pages 
35 and 36, respectively. 
Yields from fully stocked, pure shortleaf stands have been meas- 
ured in representative regions in the Piedmont uplands of North 
Carolina, Virginia, and central western Arkansas. In addition, a 
few yields have been obtained in Georgia, South Carolina, and New 
_ Jersey, and are interesting for comparison. 
The yield table for the Piedmont region of North Carolina (Table 
14) is based upon the measurement of yields of 80 well-stocked 
stands of various ages up to 80 years. It gives the yields in terms 
of board feet saw timber, scaled both by the Doyle and the Scribner 
rules, also cubic feet, for three different qualities of site; also the 
number of trees per acre, and average height and diameter of the 
trees. For logs up to 24 inches in diameter the Scribner rule gives 
higher values, which represent more nearly the actual mill cut than 
does the Doyle rule. The latter rule is therefore advantageous to 
the purchaser of standing timber or logs, while it is equally dis- 
advantageous to the seller. For example, at the age of 50 years,. 
on Quality II site, a fully stocked shortleaf pine stand, scaled to 
include all logs 6 inches and over at the top end, yields an average 
of 17,000 board feet by the Scribner rule, but only 9,500 feet if scaled 
by the Doyle rule. The average size of the trees is 57 feet in height 
by 9.4 inches in diameter, and the stand contains an average of 355 
trees per acre, having a total cross section or basal area of 179 square 
feet at breastheight. The cubic volume, including bark, is 4,360 
cubic feet. Table 15 shows that at the age of 50 years, the stand 
was increasing annually at the rate of 525 board feet per acre, or 106 
cubic feet in total stem volume, the average yearly increase during 
the whole life of the stand (column headed “ Mean annual incre- 
ment”) was somewhat less, as might be expected—340 board feet 
(Scribner), 190 feet (Doyle), or 87 cubic feet per acre. 
A similar yield table (Table 16) for fully stocked pure stands of 
shortleaf in its region of best development west of the Mississippi 
River is based upon the measurement of 38 sample plots in central 
western Arkansas. The stands had been protected against frequent 
fires, and the portions measured were completely stocked, so that the 
table may be considered as representing fairly well the yields to be 
expected from protected and managed stands. The number of plots 
used as a basis for both Tables 16 and 17 is obviously too few, so 
the tables are tentative, and have been included for the purpose of 
indicating the character of second-growth stands in Arkansas, with 
the view of later comparison and revision when additional measure- 
ments are available. 
