SHORTLEAF PINE: IMPORTANCE AND MANAGEMENT. 17 
chemical methods is making rapid progress, particularly in the resin- 
ous woods. Stumps and knots of shortleaf often become highly 
impregnated with resin, though in general its low resin content makes 
it less valuable than longleaf for use in resinous-wood distillation. 
GRADES. 
The tall, clean bole of shortleaf pine and relatively low suscepti- 
- bility to injurious fungi, permit a high percentage of the upper 
grades of lumber. In the region of heavy production of virgin 
pine the rough lumber from the saw is commonly thrown into the 
five grades of clear, and Nos. 1, 2, 8, and 4 common. The lowest 
qualities come from the small portable sawmills in the farming dis- 
tricts, where the cut is mostly from second growth or culled land. 
_ The great bulk of the cut of shortleaf in Mississippi, Alabama, and 
Georgia as well as Arkansas and Louisiana is probably well repre- 
sented by the third distribution given in the following table: 
TABLE 10.—Average mill cut by grades of shortleaf pine west of Mississippt 
River.’ 
(Percentage of total cut.] 
Grades of rough lumber. 
Locality. Clear 
stock “B} No.1 No. 2 Nos 
and 4 Total. 
and pet common. | common. | .ommon. 
———— | | 
Best timber in most favorable region (Clark County, | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. | Per cent. 
PANT ws) eyebaree yen 3 Sued aR Ma PL CH Se 2D ee he NE ae 36.9 45.9 11.0 6.2 100 
Good timber along Tron Mountain R. R. (Arkansas). 35 40 19 6 100 
Good timber in hilly shortleaf region. Average for 
74 guts March 1 to October 15, 1912 (Pike 
OME ep PAT Kem) emer teh rs Ecce at . CSSE Se Solace oe sat 32 - 39.9 17.3 10.8 100 
Small portable mills in farming districts (western 
PATICATISAS) jeter se eisai: aia SSE CESS chin Sale bb eee dae ce 20 48 29 3 100 
1 Based upon information furnished by lumber companies in the region covered. 
In general shortleaf cuts from 30 to 85 per cent of clear stock 
(“B and better”), 40 to 50 per cent of No. 1 common, 15 to 30 per 
cent of No. 2 common, and 5 to 10 per cent of the two lower grades of 
common lumber. On account of defects which develop later some- 
what less is actually marketed. 
In cutting the second-growth stands in the Piedmont region, 
httle attention is given to grading by the small operators. Larger 
operators, however, find it profitable to grade the stock from the 
saw. Often two grades, sap and heart pine, are roughly made by the 
small mills with an assigned difference of $5 to $6 per thousand feet 
in price. 
In the Mississippi Valley the product is graded by the rules of 
the Southern Pine Association, whose specifications refer closely, 
6497°—Bull. 308—15——3 
