OUTLETS AND METHODS OF SALE FOB SHIPPERS. 11 
producers who have goods to sell, at stated prices, and also by means 
of lists of consumers who are in the market for different commodities. 
The parcel-post shipments up to the present time usually have been 
limited to shipments of poultry, butter, and eggs, 1 and have been 
quite successful in these lines. The cost of such service, except for 
extra fancy stock, in many cases is prohibitive, and it is doubtful to 
what extent the average farmer can make use of these outlets for 
miscellaneous products. Without the development of special methods 
they are not to be considered by those having car-lot quantities. 
CAR PEDDLING. 
Another method by which the grower can sell direct to the con- 
sumer, at least direct to the retail trade, is by accompanying a car of 
produce to the market and selling direct from the car doer to the dealers 
and consumers. This is termed " car peddling." In order to do this it 
is necessary in most cities that the producer take out a license from the 
city authorities which gives him temporary selling privileges. The 
charge for such a license varies from $10 to $25. 
While this method of selling may be practicable where the growers 
have no cooperative association, yet it would be unwise for an in- 
dividual producer to go on the road in active competition with a 
competent selling organization. The grower also must bear in mind 
the fact that although the returns from this method of selling at first 
may appear large, they will be cut down to a great extent by his ex- 
penses, the time consumed, and the consequent neglect of his regular 
business. 
This practice may result also in lowering wholesale prices, inas- 
much as the grower may be anxious to get away and may sell at 
figures which the regular dealers would not accept. Car peddling 
is more common in the South and Southwest than in other sections 
of the country. 
SALES TO FACTORIES. 
Sales to factories may not seem to be rightfully classed with direct 
sales to consumers. However, when it is remembered that fruit 
which is taken to a canning factory as a perishable product comes 
from the factory as a semistaple product, this classification seems 
reasonable. These factories may be classed under the following 
general heads: Canning plants, pickling plants, cider mills, evapo- 
rating plants, wineries, distilleries, and others of like nature. 
Canning plants probably constitute the largest outlet for fruits 
and vegetables, but there is a common misunderstanding concerning 
these factories. It is usually understood that these plants Utilize 
the cull grades of fruits and vegetables. This is true in only a 
* See Flohr, Lewis B. Shipping Eggs by Parcel Post. Farmers' Bulletin 594. 1914. 
