AGRICULTURAL SURVEY OF EUROPE : GERMANY 
49 
ORIGIN OF BARLEY IMPORTED TO COVER DEFICIT (1909-1913) 
The pre-war imports were supplied almost entirely by Russia. 
This barley, grown under conditions of little rainfall, had a high 
grotein content and was well suited to feeding livestock. Austria- 
[ungary and Rumania together supplied about 7 per cent of the 
imports and all other countries about 6 per cent. The United States 
was not an important source of Germany's barley supply — only a 
little over 1 per cent. 
Table 33 contrasts the Republic's postwar international trade 
in barley with the pre-war trade of the Empire, all of which and more 
was consumed within the present boundaries of the Republic. 
Table 33.— Barley: Foreign trade l of the German Republic, 1921-22 to 1923-2 4, 
corn-pared with that of the Empire, 1909-10 to 1913-14 
[Thousands of bushels— 000 omitted] 
Years beginning July 1 
Country 
Average, 
1909-1913 
1921 
1922 
1923 
United States 
Russia -. -.- .- 
+1,831 
+ 122,310 
+6, 217 
( 3 ) 
""~+3,~8li" 
+2,828 
+1,280 
+999 
+273 
+60 
+22 
+9 
+1,271 
( 2 ) 
+110 
+64 
+434 
+3, 446 
( 2 ) 
+1,272 
+1, 190 
+811 
+134 
+27 
+503 
-185 
+1,834 
+2,220 
( 2 ) 
( 2 ) 
0) 
+2, 657 
+5, 777 
( 2 ) 
+211 
+86 
+443 
( 2 ) 
( 2 ) 
+3 
-111 
+1,720 
+3, 472 
( 2 ) 
Austria . 
Hungary. 
Czechoslovakia . ... 
Rumania 
British India .. .. ... ... 
( 2 ) 
( 2 ) 
+1,918 
+6,506 
( 2 ) 
( 2 ) 
Morocco 
( 2 ) 
Argentina . . . ..... . ... 
( 2 ) 
Algeria 
Netherlands 
Tunis 
Saar district .. .. __ 
( 2 ) 
( 2 ) 
w 
( 2 ) 
Other countries . 
+1,835 
+11, 176 
Total 
+ 141,475 
+10,911 
+13,006 
+23, 072 
Germany, Statistisches Reichsamt (formerly Kaiserliches Statistisches Amt), Monatliche Nachweise 
uber den Auswartigen Handel Deutschlands. 
i Net imports are indicated by (+) and net exports by (— ). 
2 If any, included in "Other countries." 
3 Included in Austria. 
Imports of barley were largely for purposes of stock feeding. 
In 1922-23 these imports were only about 9 per cent and in 1923- 
24 they were but 16.3 of the 1909-13 aYerage. The acreage of 
home-grown brewing barley has been maintained, and if allowance 
is made for pre-war OYerestimates and post-war underestimates, 
these figures indicate that German barley production lias not lost 
ground to a very noticeable degree except for the poor crop year 
1922 (trade year 1922-23). Indeed, the acreage in 1924 was more 
than 100,000 acres above the pre-war average. 
The large decrease in Germany's imports since the war has been 
due to the shutting off of the Russian source of cheap supply. A 
very small quantity of Russian barley originated in Congress Poland, 
but more than 100,000,000 bushels were brought by bout from the 
ports of the Black Sea. It is reported that during the last season 
(1923-24) Russia shipped to Germany only a relatively small quantity 
of barley. Rumania has nearly doubled her pre-war exports of 
73727°— 26t 4 
