AGRICCLTOUL 6UBVEY OF EUROPE: GBBMAHY 
51 
VERSAILLES TREATY AND GERMANY'S OAT SITUATION 
Germanv ceded to Poland territories that produced an annual 
average surplus L909-1913 of aboul 1,300,000 bushels of oats. 
Memel, Danzig Free Mate, and the district of Upper Silesia ceded to 
Czechoslovakia produced annual surpluses totaling 600,000 bushels. 
On the vest Alsace-Lorraine and the Saar district were deficit regions 
requiring approximately 2.000.000 and 1.400,000 bushels, respectively. 
in addition to local production. The districts ceded to Belgium and 
to Denmark, on the other hand, produced light surpluses of about 
S00.000 bushels. 
The estimated average statistical oat deficit (1909-1913) of the 
territories now comprised within the Kepublic of Germany was 
9.160,000 bushels, as compared with 9.700.000 bushels for the whole 
Empire (Tig. 5) showing a potential net gam to Germany's national 
balance sheet of 570.000 bushels as a result of the territorial changes 
effected by the Versailles treaty, indicated in Table 34. 
Table 34. — Oats: Average approximate balance in the districts which composed the 
former German Empire, 1909-1913 
District 
Number 
of 
horses, 
1913 
Area 
Germany 1923 boundaries. 
Saar District: 
Rhine Province. 
Bavaria 
' 1,000 
acres 
3. 807, 057 9, 529 
Areas ceded: 
From East Prussia— 
To Memel 
To Poland 
From West Prussia — 
To Danzig Frei - 
To Poland 
From Posen to Poland. 
From Upper Silesia — 
To Poland 
To Czechoslovakia 
From Lower Silesia to Po- 
land 
From Schleswig-Holstein 
to Denmark 
From Rhine Province to 
Belgium 
Alsace-Lorraine to France . 
Total areas ceded 
- " 
Pro- 
duction 
1,000 
bushels 
527, 178 
32 1, 554 
2 805 
154, 
507 
992 
62 
4 
46 
213 
361 
8 
11 
102 
10 
.-4 
3, 077 
139 
3,235 
10,401 
20,058 
3,850 
481 
846 
560 
13,184 
Net 
produc- pear- 
tion ance 
1,000 1,000 
bushels bushels 
40,066 
138 
^39 
294 
19 
207 
970 
2.147 
307 
31 
44 
466 
43 
3 792 
730,912 1,18 5,320 
Total Empire : 4, 558, 329 
Per cent in ceded territorv and 
inSaar 16.5 11.4 
591,996 
10.9 
45,563 
12.1 
1,416 
120 
3,028 
9,431 
17,911 
3,543 
450 
584 
6,380 
517 
12, 392 
57, 139 
546, 433 
10.9 
1,000 
bushels 
496,272 
2,921 
Deficit Disap- 
<—) or pear- 
surplus ance per 
horse 
1,000 
bushels 
-9, 160 
-1. 505 
2,346 
326 
2,851 
10,340 
15. 473 
3, 631 
438 
519 
5,645 
404 
14,381 
+437 
-206 
-177 
-909 
+2,438 
-88 
+12 
+65 
+735 
+113 
-1,989 
Bushels 
130. 36 
167. 46 
211.86 
56.354 
556, 165 
10.8 
-9, 732 
5.9 
70.02 
54.62 
70.11 
66.80 
5-1. 59 
127. 36 
129.36 
133.49 
148.58 
214. 55 
105.06 
77.10 
122. 01 
Area and production: Germany, Kaiserliches Statistiches Amt, Vierteljahrshefte zur Statistik des 
Deutsehen Reichs. 1910-1914, heft 1: Prussia, Konidi. ■:. jhes Lund.-- \k der Land- 
wirtschaft, 1909-1913 (Preui tik, Nos. 221, '. 240). 
Seed: Germany, Kaiserliches Statdstisch.es Amt, Vierteljahrshefte zur Statistik des Deutsehen Reichs, 
1915, heft 2, and unpublished indications of Professor Opitz, of the Berlin Landwirtschaftliche Uochschulo. 
1 The quantities of surplus and deficit in each district as calculated from German official statistics have 
been corrected to such a degree that the total equals the average yearly import quantity, 
.ures for the single year 1914. 
I bushels per acre; Zade, Adolph. Der Hafer; Jena, Gustav Fischer, 1918, p. 124. 
ORIGIN OF OATS IMPORTED TO COVER PRE-WAR DEFICIT (1909-1913) 
Before the war Germany imported four times the quantity of oats 
required to balance her own deficit, conducting a transit trade 
between western Europe and Rumania and Russia, from which latter 
