PROFITS IN FARMING ON IRRIGATED AREAS IN UTAH. I 
The four grain and live-stock farmers received a labor income of 
$620 on the average, which sum is in keeping with the larger area and 
capital used. The average labor income of all the farm owners 
studied was $417, from an average investment of $9,000 per farm. 
In Table II are given the results from the 23 farms where the 
operator owns a small area and rents additional land. These have 
been divided into 13 general farms and 10 small farms. 
Table II. — Average area, receipts, expenses, farm income, and labor income on 23 farms 
operated by owners renting additional land in Utah. 
Items of inquiry 
First 
group, 10 
small 
farms. 
Second 
group, 13 
general 
farms. 
Average 
for 23 farms. 
Farm area owned acres. 
Additional area rented do. . . 
Crop area do. . . 
Capital 
Receipts 
Expenses 
Farm income 
Labor income 
12.4 
10.3 
19.3 
$4,085 
880 
445 
435 
231 
39.0 
19.6 
47.7 
$7, 871 
1,639 
'.) is 
554 
27.4 
15.6 
32.8 
$6, 225 
1,309 
584 
725 
414 
With a third less capital these men made practically the same labor 
income as those shown in Table I. Their crop area, including that 
owned and rented, was about 2 acres greater than the average of 
those farmers who operated their own farms. By this method the 
farmer having small capital (in most cases only enough to own a 
house and a few acres of land) was able to increase his income very 
effectively with a small increase in capital. This method represents 
an intermediate step between tenant and owner, and is becoming 
very common in many of our agricultural districts where land is 
high priced. 
Crop conditions, as well as the prices of farm products, were fairly 
satisfactory in 1 9 1 3 , much more so than in 1 9 1 2 . It is possible that the 
figures here given are above the normal, and this fact should be care- 
fully considered when studying these results. This may be illustrated 
by the peach crop, as the data show that 15 per cent of the crop sales on 
small farms, or 8 per cent on all farms, is from peaches. These were 
worse than a total failure in this valley in 1912 on account of the low 
price received in the eastern markets. 
Out of the total number of farms covered by the records, only three 
were operated by tenants. On one of these farms the tenant gave 
one-third of the crops as rent and made a labor income of $273 and 
a return of 4.1 per cent to the landlord for his capital invested. This 
was the smallest farm of the three, having only 35 acres. The second 
man gave one-half of the crops as rent and received $756 for his labor 
income. The landlord received 7.3 per cent. The other farm was 
