PROFITS IN FARMING ON IRRIGATED AREAS IN UTAH. 
11 
Table VI develops the interesting point that the total labor 
expense constitutes nearly 50 per cent of the total farm expenses. 
This is in a large measure due to the intensive type of agriculture 
followed in that district. Of this labor less than half is hired. 
This is the only region in which farm-management surveys have been 
made where the expense of unpaid family labor is greater than that 
for hired labor. The sugar-beet industry may account for this condi- 
tion. Taxes are high throughout the entire region and form over 15 
per cent of the total farm expense. 
SUGAR-BEET GROWING ON SMALL FARMS. 
In Table VII data are given for 25 small farms on which sugar beets 
are the leading cash crop ; no fruit being grown. Sixteen of these 
farms were operated by their owners ; the other nine were farms whose 
owners rented additional land. There was an average of 5.2 acres 
of beets per farm on those operated by owners, while the other nine 
farms had an average of 7.6 acres. It is exceedingly interesting to 
note that these nine owners had almost identically the same area in 
crops, but had $2,000 less capital. Their total farm receipts were 
nearly the same, expenses the same, and labor income practically 
the same. One thing is certain, that the man with small capital 
should rent rather than buy in that area. 
Table VII. — The raising of sugar beets on small farms. 
Items of inquiry (averages). 
First 
group, 16 
farms 
operated 
by owners. 
Second 
group, 9 
farms 
operated 
by owners 
renting 
additional 
land. 
22.8 
12.7 
do.... 
11 
. do 
19.1 
5.2 
20 
Area in sugar beets 
do.... 
7.6 
Capital 
$6,103 
995 
426 
569 
264 
S4.038 
900 
Receipts 
457 
443 
Labor income 
241 
The results in Table VII are also interesting in that they show 
what can be expected of a small 20-acre farm devoted to sugar-beet 
raising. Only nominal wages are received by the owner following 
.this type of farming. Of the farm owners, 11 received less than $300 
as a labor income. Only one man received over $1,000 labor income, 
he having a few acres of beets in connection with a special poultr}^ 
farm. Even if these small farmers have no mortgage to pay and 
have the entire amount of their farm income to live on, their savings 
and funds for living expenses are small. 
