SMYRNA FIG CULTURE. 7 
them when they have reached the size of filberts. By December these 
mamme fruits are the size of small walnuts and change but little 
during the winter. The insect hibernates in them in the larval con- 
dition and will endure a temperature of 14° or 15° F. without injury. 
As the weather becomes warm in spring, the insects develop rapidly 
and, are ready to issue in April (fig. 4), when the spring (profichi) 
crop on the same or other capri trees isin a receptive condition. This 
crop grows in clusters on the old wood at the extreme ends of the 
branches and, unlike the mamme, which is nearly spherical, is much 
Fig. 3.—Mammoni (fall) caprifigs. (About one-halfnatural size.) 
larger and usually has a pronounced neck. It is produced in enor- 
mous numbers, many times greater than any other crop, a wise pro- 
vision of nature, as it is the one which is most abundantly supplied 
with pollen and also the one which is exclusively used to pollinate 
the main Smyrna fig crop. The late summer crop of the capri tree, 
known as mammoni, unlike the others, pushes from the axils of the 
leaves on the new wood, and matures from August to the middle of 
November. This crop serves to carry the Blastophaga through the 
late summer and fall months. The Blastophaga from these mammoni 
