12 BULLETIN" 1429, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE 
SECONDARY PARASITISM 
In the large shipment of G. cinerea material forwarded from 
Japan in 1921 there was contained a considerable infestation of 
several species of chalcid secondaries, the more important one being 
Spalangia sp. (fig. 10). The first trace of this hyperparasitism 
was found at Koiwai in an examination by dissection of a portion of 
the Sapporo-collected material shortly prior to shipment. The 
laboratory at Riverton, N. J., was immediately advised of this 
Fig. 11.— Centeter cinerea: A, first-stage larva; B, second-stage larva; C, third-stage larva; 
D, mouth parts, first-stage larva, lateral view; E, caudal spiracle, second-stage larva; F, caudal 
spiracle, third-stage larva; G, right anterior spiracle of same; H, third-stage larval mouth parts, 
dorsal view; I, same, lateral view 
development and it was thus made possible to guard against the 
escape of the species at the time of emergence. The proportion of 
the puparia attacked in the two main shipments was approximately 
10 per cent. 
LIFE HISTORY OF CENTETER CINEREA 
Hatching of the egg. — After having been laid, usually on the thorax, 
the egg develops rapidly, and the young larva is fully mature within 
36 to 48 hours after oviposition. Unlike many tachinids this species 
does not hatch externally, but while still inside the eggshell drills 
