S BULLETIN 53, V. S. DEPABXM^Jn: 05 AGBICULTUXE. 
gracr _ : i square yards, at $0.06 per square yard. £139.58; Telford fonn* 
_ -i square r t $0,481 : er square yard. 81.124. 01 ; quarrying 
and crushing the surfacing materials S8C snbic yards, ar -Si 525 per cnbie 
hauling the surfacing materials, SSO cubic yards, at $0,645 per 
cub:: spreading the surfacing materials. 3S0 cubic yards, at 
;:c yard. $f( \ sprinkling and rolling, 1.422.2 square yards, ar 
5 _ -_- r _ af creel concrete drainage structures. $173; and general ex- 
£40.63. The above costs do not include any charge for the use of the 
stone crusher, elevator, and bins. 
JoxESvraaz. Va. — Between May 1 and October 17, 1912, a macadam : was 
bnilt under the direction of the office at Jonesrille, Ta.. and during this time 
37 days were lost on account of bad weather and 5 days from other causes. 
OChe adjacent land is hilly and the natural soil is clay and gravel. Ta: : ad 
graded to a width of 20 feet for S.200 feet, with the exception of a short 
:n which was constructed 21 feet wide. For 2,200 feet the road was 
located on the side of a hill, and in this section 50 per cent of the excavation 
s solid rock. The total area graded was 21 B6( square yards, and the maxi- 
mum grade was reduced from 17 to 9 per cent. The total volume of earth and 
rock moved was 7,99(1 cubic yards and the maximum haul S00 feet. A inac- 
: m surface 6,S00 feet in length was constructed upon a part of the graded 
section, 10 feet wide for a length of 1.500 feet, 12 feet wide for LJ80L fee and 
21 feet wide for the remaining 500 feet. The total area surf a: ■•■-". — - 8,735 
square yards. The surfacing materia] — a ~:a_rs: :ae of good binding bat . ~ 
fair wearing qualities — was obtained from a quarry five-eighths mile from the 
road. It was crushed at the quarry in a crusher having :: :ubic yards* er :• 
ity per 10-hour day. and after being hauled to the road in slat-bottcm wagons 
of 14 cubic yards' capacity was spread in three courses with forks and shovels. 
The first or foundation course, 7 inches in thickness before compacting, con- 
sisted of pieces varying from 2 .to 3 inches in size; the second course. 3 inches 
consisted of pieces from one-half inch to 2 inches in size; and the third 
:::a: course, applied to a depth of approximately 1 inch, cons.- - : 1 : 
varying ia size from 1 inch to dust. Each course was compacted with a 1( a 
roller, and was bonded in the usual manner with a sprinkler wagon and i 
Col 1 acted of corrugated-iron pipe as follows : At stal ns II 
11. and 2 12 inches in diameter and 22 feet in length; at station 17, 12 inches 
in diameter and 21 feet in length; at sta:: _ 15 inches in diametv: ad 24 
feet in length; at stations 2S and --.21 inches in diameter and 40 and 26 feet 
in le and at stations 43 and 52. 30 inch^ in diameter and 
1 md 24 feet in length, respectively. End walls of rough stone were con- 
structel at all calves 
The equipment consisted of a 10-ton roller, a rock crusher. 5 w". ; ers, 
1 turn plow. 1 rooter plow. 2 dump carts. 1 steam drill, and hand tools. Labor 
and teaa s ; er day. The other principal items of cost were s 
follows: Excavation, at $0.36 per cubic yard. $2,72 5; shaping the subgrade. 
-^ per square yard, $206.10: quarrying and crushing the stone. 
per cubic yar 1 142,47 .ruling the stone, at $0,166 per cubic yard. $S 
ling the stone, at > " ; a cubic yard. $228 S] rinkling, at $0.0075 per 
square yard. $60.85; rolling, at $0.02 per square yard >> ' trimming the 
shoa : lowering the water pipes and raising the walks, $48 ; 
culv- rts, $2 supervision and general expense- \ - : making the 
of the road S7.77S.33 This is at the rate if $0,837 per square yard. 
Norton, Va. — The work of macadamizing the Wise-Norton road was begun on 
ist 1. 1912. and discontinued on December 15. 1912. after 3.360 linear fe: 
square yards had been surfaced. The work was done jy contract, and 
