THE EASTER LILY IN NORTHERN CLIMATES. 33 
may be subjected to severe freezing weather when in full vegetative 
vigor. | 
There is evidence at hand that with care this lily may be grown 
much farther north in selected localities than has thus far been ad- 
vised. There is little doubt that in those northern regions where the 
snowfall is heavy and early, even though the temperatures be very 
low, it can be safely grown in the open ground. 
PRODUCTION ON A SEEDLING BASIS. 
GROWING THE SEED. 
Until such a time as the trade produces seed of the Easter lily and 
offers it for sale, it will be necessary for the grower to raise his own 
seed. The most feasible way to do this now is to procure imported 
bulbs either in the early winter, when they are generally offered for 
sale, or at Easter time, when most of the plants are in blossom, and 
erow seed for planting the following January. 
To insure a good set of seed it is necessary to hand-pollinate each 
flower. (Fig. 1.) The blossoms are so large and their parts so con- 
spicuous, that this is a simple and easy task. Seed may be produced 
in limited quantity without this trouble, but in the greenhouse, espe- 
cially, the fertilization will be largely accidental and the set very 
poor or none at all. 
If it is the florist’s object to cross particular varieties, care should 
be exercised that no pollen except that which is wanted gets on the 
stigma. It will be necessary to remove the anthers from the flower 
to be fertilized before they open and spread their pollen. If the 
plant which has been pollinated is set 2 feet or so away from others 
which bear pollen, it is ordinarily safe from contamination in the 
greenhouse. Usually the florist is not. interested in following up a 
line of breeding, and all that he needs to do is to see that plenty of 
pollen is put on the stigma at the propertime. 
If pollinations are made at Easter, the seed will be ripe early in 
June. (Fig. 2.) 
NECESSITY FOR HAND POLLINATION. 
In the flower of the Easter lily the stigma is quite well isolated 
from the anthers. The action of the wind or other agency may cause 
the pollination of a flower with its own pollen, which, of course, is 
the closest kind of selfing. Also, it is possible, when plants are grown 
in the open, that cross-pollination at times may take place through 
the influence of insects and birds, but of this there seems to be little 
evidence. The necessity of hand pollination to obtain full fertiliza- 
tion consequently becomes apparent. Some seed will be obtained 
without any attention other than allowing the flowers to wither nat- 
