NATIVE AMERICAN SPECIES OF PRUNUS. 68 
somewhat pointed at each end, ridged on the ventral and rounded 
on the dorsal edge, about 7 mm. long, 5 mm. broad. 
Prunus emarginata is a shrub 8 to 10 feet tall or becoming a small 
tree in favorable situations, bark of the trunk dark brown, smooth, 
and rather conspicuously marked with bands of lenticels, grayish 
brown on the branches and smaller stems, the young twigs usually 
glabrous, reddish, turning gray at the end of the season. It often 
forms dense shrubby thickets. 
The species was originally described from specimens collected near 
Kettle Falls in the Columbia River Valley, northeast Washington, and 
ranges (fig: 4) from the upper Jocko River, i Montana, through the 
mountains of Idaho and Washington and from southern British 
Columbia southward in both the coast and interior mountains of 
California and western Nevada to the San Bernardino Mountains, 
reappearing in the San Jacinto and at South Peak in the Cuyamaca 
Mountains, in California. It occurs in the San Francisco Mountains, 
in Arizona, and has been collected as far east as Flagstaff; and speci- 
mens from the Mogollon and Black Mountains, in southwestern New 
Mexico, are also referable to this species. It occurs near streams and 
on moist benches, sometimes in dryish gravelly soils but more often 
in moist gravelly or more fertile soils. It reaches an elevation of 
5,000 feet in the North, in the Sierra Nevada it has been found at 
8,000 feet, in the San Rafael Mountains at 5,000 feet, in the San 
Jacinto Mountains at 9,000 feet, and in the San Francisco Mountains 
at 6,000 feet. 
Prunus emarginata was originally described as a ‘low shrub, 4 to 8 
feet high, with very red wood marked with white spots, and astringent 
fruit. The leaves are about 2 inches long, quite glabrous, as is the 
whole plant.” ‘The species is quite variable, as is to be expected when 
the range, covering such varied conditions as are found in the Pacific 
slope, ‘is taken into consideration. The proposed species here reduced 
to synonomy undoubtedly show slight differences from the original, 
but a study of a large amount of material shows these forms to be con- 
nected with each other and with the type by innumerable gradations. 
Cerasus crenulata was described from the Mogollon and Black Moun- 
tains, N. Mex.; C. arida from ‘‘Borders of desert at eastern base of 
the San Bernardino Mountain,” Cal.; C. prunifolia, ‘‘8,000 feet in the 
mountains of Fresno Coane Cal.’ ; C. rhamnoides, ‘‘Mud Springs, 
Amador County, Cal.”’; C. kellog ane from mountains east of Chico 
and from near Quincy, Cal. ; CO. padifolia, foothills at Carson City, Nev. ; 
: C. obliqua, Oroville, Cal.; 6. parvifolia from the vicinity of Mount 
“Shasta, Cal.; and C. bbeusdta from Silvies, in southeastern Oregon. 
BC. satan was described from Placerville, Cal., and from the - 
description and locality can not be other than this species. While 
mee ble, a study in the field fails to reveal other than minor varia- 
eS a aaa 
