26 BULLETIN 142, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
siderable area of the Miami fine sandy loam a small family apple 
orchard is grown on this soil. Nearly all of the standard varieties 
are grown. The Baldwin, Duchess, Wealthy, and Wagener, are the 
most popular varieties in these small orchards. 
The Miami fine sandy loam occurs quite extensively upon the hills 
and rolling ridges of the Michigan fruit belt along the eastern ^side 
of Lake Michigan. It is utilized extensively for commercial or- 
charding, and many varieties of apples are grown successfully. It 
is the best soil used for the production of the Baldwin apple. 
Wherever the heavier subsoil is near the surface the type is well 
adapted to the growing of the Spy. The other varieties grown upon 
this type in commercial orchards are the Wealthy, Wagener, and 
Shiawassee, together with subordinate varieties such as the Che- 
nango, Maiden Blush, and Snow. The Jonathan is also grown. 
Apple trees on the Miami fine sandy loam are shown in Plate IV, 
figure 2. 
Where local climatic conditions are favorable, as in the Michi- 
gan fruit belt, peaches constitute an excellent orchard crop on this 
type. The Elberta is the principal variety, although the Crawford 
and Lewis are also grown. Peach trees on this type are shown in 
Plate V, figure 1. 
In some localities, particularly in the Traverse Bay region, the 
growing of cherries on the Miami fine sandy loam has become an 
important industry. The Montmorency. Ordinaire. Morello, and 
Richmond varieties are chiefly grown. A mature cherry orchard on 
the Miami fine sandy loam is shown in Plate V, figure 2. 
In some localities grapes are successfully grown upon the Miami 
fine sandy loam. The Concord is the most common variety. A typi- 
cal vineyard is shown in Plate VI, figure 1. 
In general, the Miami fine sandy loam is well suited to orcharding 
and fruit growing wherever climatic conditions are favorable, and 
especially upon the gently rolling or slightly hilly portions of the 
type which are favored by good air and water drainage. 
In southern and southeastern Michigan, and to a less extent in 
southwestern Wisconsin, dairying is an important industry on the 
Miami fine sandy loam. A large part of the corn grown upon this 
soil is cut for the silo, and this, together with the hay grown upon 
the farm, constitutes the chief winter feed of the cattle. The herds 
are usually small, averaging 10 or 12 cows to the farm, and grade 
animals of the different dairy breeds are commonly kept. A few 
farmers on this type fatten beef cattle during the winter. The rais- 
ing and fattening of hogs is practiced on many of the farms. Where 
beans are an important crop, some sheep are kept and fed on 
the bean straw and other forage. 
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