18 BULLETIN 398, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
seed. This seed has been distributed not only among the farmers 
in the Judith Basin, but in other parts of the State as well. Reports 
obtained from farmers who are growing this variety in different 
parts of Montana indicate that they consider it better than other 
similar varieties. Some farmers claim that the Kharkof yields 
from 5 to 10 bushels more than any common strain of Turkey which 
they had been growing. 
The average dates of seeding, heading, and maturity, the height, 
yield per acre of grain and of straw, and weight per bushel of the 
seven leading varieties of winter wheat are given in Table XII. 
Table XII. — Average dates of seeding, heading, and maturity, days from seeding to 
maturity, height, yield of grain and straw, and weight per bushel of seven leading winter- 
wheat varieties at the Judith Basin substation, Moccasin, Mont., in seven years, 1909 
to 1915, inclusive. 
Variety. 
C I. 
No. 
Average date- 
Seeding 
to ma- 
turity. 
Height. 
Yield per acre. 
Weight 
per 
bushel. 
Sown. 
Headed. 
Ripe. 
Grain. 
Straw. 
Days. 
Inches. 
Bushels, [pounds. 
Pounds. 
Alberta Red 
2979 
Sept. 1 
June 27 
Aug. 4 
338 
39 
a 33.3 
3,292 
59.6 
Crimean 
1435 
...do 
...do 
...do 
338 
38 
31.9 
3,660 
59.8 
Do 
1437 
...do 
...do 
...do 
338 
39 
32.6 
3,680 
60.1 
Do 
1559 
...do 
...do 
...do 
338 
38 
30.9 
3.690 
60.1 
Kharkof 
1442 
...do 
...do 
...do 
338 
38 
33.5 
3, 690 
59.6 
Do 
1583 
...do 
...do 
...do 
338 
37 
35.6 
3,550 
60.1 
Turkey 
1558 
...do 
...do 
...do 
338 
38 
34.1 
3,660 
60.5 
a Average for six years, 1910-1915, inclusive. 
Varietal Experiments in Nursery Rows. 
The nursery work with winter wheat at the Judith Basin sub- 
station has included the testing of new varieties and strains and the 
making and testing of selections. New varieties are usually grown 
in nursery rows, in order to determine their hardiness and something 
of their yielding powers before they are tested in plats. 
In 1909 a large number of head selections were made from some 
of the best varieties. These were sown in head rows and the most 
promising were saved and sown in increase rows in 1910. Additional 
selections were made in 1910 and 1911, partly within the pure lines 
and partly from the mass varieties. In every case the selections 
appearing most promising the next year were saved and grown 
again. 
In 1912 various selections were grown in hundredth-acre plats, 
8-rod rows, and in head rows. The hail that year almost completely 
destroyed the winter- wheat nursery. No yields could be determined, 
though some plants survived the hail. From the records of previous 
years it was possible to determine which were the most promising 
selections. Some seed of these was obtained from surviving plants 
and sown that fall. Most of the selections had then been grown long 
enough to determine which were the most promising. Since that 
