16 
BULLETIN 853, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
On dairy farms, the dairy cows made up 44 per cent of the total 
number of animals, when expressed in the terms of a mature cow or 
horse, and 28 per cent on the general farms. On the dairy farms 66 
per cent of the total number of animal units were cattle, and on the 
general farms 58 per cent. Seven per cent of the other cattle were 
beef cattle and 19 per cent young cattle, bulls, or breeding stock. 
Two and seven-tenths per cent of all the animal units were colts. 
On the 349 farms 80 colts were raised during the 'year, or 1 for every 
13 horses kept. 
Most of the sheep in the area are found on the general farms. 
Only 3.1 per cent of all the stock on the 349 farms were sheep. 
About 90 head of poultry were kept per farm. 
EXPENSES. 
The expenditures for most purposes were practically the same on 
the two types of farms under study. The dairy farms, however, had 
an average expense of $199 more per farm than the general farms, 
due principally to extra expenditure for feed and labor. 
In operating a farm there is a direct relation between the type of 
farming and the percentage of receipts required for operating ex- 
penses. Fifty per cent of the total farm receipts were required for 
operating expenses on the dairy farms and 42 per cent for operating 
expenses on the general farms. Taking both groups together, 46 per 
cent of the receipts were required for operating expenses. 
Table VII. — Distribution of expenses on 159 dairy and 190 general farms, Grove City, 
Pa., area. 
Item. 
Distribution. 
Dairv 
General 
farms. 
farms. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
9.0 
9.2 
15.0 
13.9 
1.6 
1.5 
4.0 
4.8 
1.6 
2.3 
.9 
.6 
21.1 
10.4 
1.7 
1.9 
2.5 
4.2 
4.7 
6.4 
1.9 
2.5 
1.6 
2.6 
1.2 
1.5 
8.1 
11.4 
3.2 
1.2 
5.0 
5.5 
Hired labor and board 
Family labor 
Repairs: 
Machinery 
Buildings 
Fences 
Feed bought: 
Hay, etc 
Grain, etc 
Breeding fees and veterinary 
Fertilizer 
Thrashing and clover hulling 
Baling, machine work, fuel, and oil. 
Insurance 
Taxes 
Milk hauling 
Miscellaneous 1 . .- 
Total current expenses. 
Depreciation: 
Buildings 
Machinery 
83.1 
9.3 
7.6 
11.0 
9.1 
1 Includes feed grinding, silo filling, fodder shredding, horseshoeing, spray material, twine, pasture rent, 
and barrels. 
