4 
BULLETIN 990, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
The visible waste discarded by a cleaning machine can be governed 
by the settings used on that machine. 
The invisible waste can not be governed with any degree of accu- 
racy, since it depends upon the grade and character of the cotton 
and the relative humidity at the time the cotton is run. Table 2 
shows that there was a large invisible loss on the grade of Low 
Middling on the pickers. This loss is partly accounted for by the 
low relative humidity and high temperature existing while this grade 
was being run. (See Table 3.) 
Table 3. — Average temperature and relative humidity in picker and card room. 
Room. 
L.M. 
G.M.Y.T. 
M.Y.T. 
L.M.Y.T. 
G.M.Y.S. 
M.Y.S. 
G.M.B.S. 
M3.S. 
Pickers: 
Average temperature 
Average relative humid- 
ity 
°F. 
81 
45 
81 
63 
°F. 
85 
69 
81 
73 
°F. 
86 
70 
81 
75 
°F. 
90 
60 
84 
69 
85 
65 
79 
68 
°F. 
79 
62 
81 
64 
op 
77 
65 
80 
71 
°F. 
88 
61 
Cards: 
Average temperature 
Average relative humid- 
ity 
91 
63 
All grades except G.M.Y.S., M.Y.S., aud M.B.S. stood overnight between the pickers and thecards. 
If the total percentages of waste are used as a basis of value the 
following order is obtained : 
(1) Good Middling Yellow Tinged; (2) Good Middling Yellow 
Stained; (3) Middling Yellow Tinged; (4) Good Middling Blue 
Stained; (5) Low Middling; (6) Middling Blue Stained; (7) Mid- 
dling Yellow Stained; (8) Low Middling Yellow Tinged. 
MOISTURE DETERMINATIONS. 
Samples of each grade of cotton were taken at each machine or 
process, weighed on a sensitive equal-arm balance, placed in air-tight 
cans, and shipped to Washington, dried to absolute dryness, and 
reweighed on equally sensitive balances. The moisture content of 
each sample was then calculated. The results are shown in Table 4. 
The low humidity conditions noted on the pickers while the Low 
Middling grade was being run are checked by the moisture content 
of the samples taken at this process. 
Table 4. — Percentages of moisture 1 in- the cotton of the different grades at 
various points in the cotton-manufacturing processes. 
Sample. 
L.M. 
G.M.Y.T. 
M.Y.T. 
L.MY.T. 
G.M.Y.S. 
M.Y.S. 
G.M.B.S. 
M.B.S. 
Raw cotton from bale breaker 
Lap from opener-breaker lap- 
per 
Perct. 
5.59 
4.17 
4.17 
5.04 
6.21 
8.51 
6.67 
Per cent. 
7.47 
8.28 
8.64 
8.17 
7.64 
6.78 
6.49 
Per ct. 
6.55 
7.58 
7.70 
6.89 
7.47 
6.83 
5.99 
Per cent. 
6.78 
6.72 
6.61 
6.44 
6.21 
6.78 
7.24 
Per cent. 
7.18 
7.47 
7.53 
6.95 
7.24 
7.00 
6.04 
Per ct. 
7.75 
6.95 
7.41 
6.49 
7.18 
6.38 
6.38 
Per cent. 
6.44 
6.67 
6.49 
6.38 
6.61 
5.26 
5.54 
Per ct. 
6.72 
6.67 
Lap from finisher picker 
5.88 
5.71 
Sliver from finisher drawing. . 
Roving from fine frame 
22's yarn 
5.93 
5.76 
5.76 
Percentages expressed as "regain.' 
