42 
BULLETIN 973, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
to the poor cans that were used. It can not be expected that dented 
and battered cans will hold the full amount. One shipment of 6 
full cans supposed to hold 30 gallons held only 28J gallons as shown 
b} r the weigh can. These cans were old and were badly dented and 
battered. 
In justice to the producer at plants where milk is weighed, the 
scales used should be tested from time to time for accuracy, and the 
milk should be well drained from the cans into the weigh can. 
DISPOSAL OF SURPLUS MILK. 
Although in many cities systems of paying for milk have been 
worked out whereby the prices paid have a tendency to induce 
farmers to adjust their production more nearly to the city demands 
for market milk and reduce the surplus received, the surplus problem 
is neverthless an important one for the milk-plant manager. 
The greatest amount of surplus milk is received in most cities in 
the spring and early summer months. As illustrated in Table 14, 
unusually large quantities of milk were received in Boston, Phila- 
delphia, and Pittsburgh from May to September, and the greatest 
surplus occurred in the months of May, June, and July; while in the 
case of Detroit, where there is a considerable demand for milk in the 
summer, the greatest surplus occurred during February, March, 
and April. 
Table 14. — Monthly receipts and sales of market milk at cities named, during 1918, 
expressed as percentages of average receipts and sales. 
(Tabulation of figures received from some of the largest dealers in each city.) 
Boston. 
Philadelphia. 
Pittsburgh. 
Detroit. 
• 
d~ 
©.d 
Sales. 
£-d 
©,d 
Sales. 
©45 
Sales. 
d-r? 
©45 
Sales. 
& * 
a s 
u* 
^H 
Month. 
&£ 
£ 
>£ 
ftg 
2 
>A 
pta 
2 
>£ 
ftS 
© 
>5 
.ss . 
o^ 
og 
d © 
o^ 
*8 
d © 
o^ 
og 
d ® 
•d bo • 
o H 
•og 
^t* 
"3-8 
nS rn - 
""2^ 
d-2 
w s^ 
ritf 
?a r o 
^g-5 1 
d-2 
d ^ o5 
© © 
© ©-* 
u& 
S3 
© © 
o ©r= 
r>3 
S3 
© © 
© ©-T5 
.Ira© 
o.fc. 
© © 
© a>75 
© C3 w 
© © 
© C3 w 
© © 
© ea w 
© c3 ™ 
CJ"H 03 
ft 
& ©^ 
ft 
c t - 1 >> 
©r- 1 
© O _ 
ft 
£&■*? 
© o £ 
ft 
& qj ^ 
« 
d 
d 
ti 
d 
rt 
. d 
rt 
itj 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.cf. 
P.c*. 
P.ct. 
P.rt. 
January 
77.1 
76.8 
92.5 
79.1 
85.2 
81.3 
38.7 
81.9 
72.5 
97.7 
92.8 
77.2 
February 
73.6 
76.5 
87.9 
78.6 
87.4 
83.0 
39.5 
72.8 
65.7 
95.7 
63.6 
74.3 
March 
89.8 
71.3 
100.0 
88.7 79.7 
85.3 
51.3 
64.7 
75.9 
106.9 
66.2 
86.5 
98.2 
128.2 
148.6 
62.0 
51.5 
39.0 
95.0 
103.2 
90.6 
90.6 80.7 
118.1 70.1 
126.7 I 66.2 
88.3 
99.8 
100.7 
107.0 
160.6 
158.0 
43.7 
28.3 
26.7 
107.0 
103.9 
96.6 
105.1 
104.3 
102.3 
68.6 
82.8 
87.1 
88.3 
May 
102.9 
June 
10S.7 
July 
128.7 
51.9 
104.4 
112.8 
82.3 
112.0 
141.7 
32.8 
106.6 
96.8 
95.1 
112.5 
108.5 
96.4 
90.5 
76.3 
71.0 
71.9 
79.5 
75.8 
120.3 
108.3 
112.5 
90.4 
1C9.8 
102.7 
102.6 
94.6 
87.0 
83.9 
96.1 
93.0 
115. 2 
104.0 
119.0 
106.1 
121.8 
107.7 
97.6 
81.9 
41.5 
41.5 
54.9 
63.2 
115.7 
102.2 
122.6 
118.5 
99.8 
91.4 
101.7 
93.7 
95.3 
94.1 
89.8 
93.3 
116.1 
105.3 
111.6 
November 
107.0 
84.1 
72.3 
94.9 
95.7 
91.2 
105. 3 
94.2 
52.4 
112.8 
104.6 
85.9 
109.6 
64.0 
82.9 

2 43.7 
1 
81.8 
i The per cent of surplus can be determined by subtracting from 
2 A large quantity of milk was condensed here". 
Each milk-plant operator must determine for himself how to dis- 
pose of a surplus to best advantage in his particular locality. Market 
demands and prices are of course the important factors in determining 
