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BULLETIN - 973, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Grading milk, and paying a price for Grade B per 100 pounds consisting of 3 to 4 
cents per one-tenth per cent butterfat; for Grade A, an additional 5 cents per 100 
pounds; and for Grade C, 5 cents less per 100 pounds. Grades to be determined on 
basis of (1) bacterial content, (2) sediment, (3) acidity. (4) flavor and odor, and (5) 
temperature on arrival in city. 
So much per pound butterfat. 
A certain price for a pound of butterfat and for 100 pounds of skimmed milk. 
Same as above, except that the weight of the whole milk is considered instead of 
the skimmed milk. 
So much per point (one-tenth per cent butterfat). 
Milk should not be bought on a measured-gallon basis. Whether 
it is paid for by the gallon or by the pound it should be weighed at 
Fig. 25. — Unloading delivery wagon. The driver puts the cases of empty bottles through the small 
door to the conveyer. At eight plants using this system an average of 30 wagons was unloaded per 
hour. 
the plant. If the milk is paid for by the gallon, the weight can 
readily be reduced to gallon measure. 8 
The butterfat is the most valuable constituent of milk and is being 
considered more and more as a basis in paying for the milk. 
In 1914 a survey was made in four of the larger eastern cities and 
of the 87 plants visited 60 were making no attempt to weigh the 
milk. The proportion of dealers who are using the weight system is 
much larger now than at that time, yet a large number of dealers 
still use the can-measure system of determining the quantity of 
milk received from the producer. 
The producer should receive full credit for all milk shipped, but 
the aim should be to use a system that is accurate and fair to both 
8 See U. S. Department of Agriculture Bulletin No. S90, " Milk-Plant Equipment." 
