SHRINKAGE OF WEIGHT OF BEEF CATTLE IX TRANSIT. 45 
we are able to present some details, including the net shrinkage 
and methods of feeding, for upward of 3,600 cattle which were fed 
and marketed in 1911 and 1912. The great majority of these cattle 
were fed and shipped at several points in Colorado, the remainder 
being shipped from Billings, Mont. The details will be found in 
Table 18. which follows a brief discussion of the principal features 
bearing upon the shipping, shrinkage, etc., of these cattle. 
TIME AND DISTANCE TO MARKET. 
The distance traveled to market by the Colorado cattle was ap- 
proximately as follows: To Omaha, 450 miles; St. Joseph, 520 miles; 
Kansas City, 580 miles; St. Louis, 825 miles; Chicago, 1,000 miles. 
The Montana cattle traveled slightly over 1.300 miles. The probable 
time consumed in the journey from Colorado to the various mar- 
kets would be as follows: Omaha, 38 hours; St. Joseph, 57 hours; 
Kansas City, 60 hours; St. Louis, TO hours; Chicago, 72 hours. The 
time in transit from Billings, Mont., to Chicago was 87 hours by the 
shipments that were unloaded at Glendive and Staples, and 119 
hours by those unloaded at Mandan and St. Paul. 
SHRINKAGE IN TRANSIT. 
It will be noted that the average shrinkage in transit increased 
with the length of the journey, except in the case of the cattle mar- 
keted at Omaha, of which there was only a single shipment — not 
enough to form a reliable estimate. Thus the average shrinkage to 
St. Joseph, including the 1912 shipments, was 36 pounds per head; 
to Kansas City (1911 and 1912), 55-J pounds; to St. Louis, 68 pounds; 
and to Chicago (all shipments). 88^ pounds. 
FILL AT MARKET. 
No record was kept of the fill at market except in the case of two 
of the shipments from Billings, Mont. In one case 20 head filled 
11 pounds each; in the other 190 head filled 26 pounds each; the 
average for both shipments being 24^ pounds per head. 
SHRINKAGE BEFORE LOADING. 
An interesting point in connection with these pulp-fed cattle is 
the shrinkage which occurs just previous to loading them for market. 
It is the custom to take the cattle off the regular ration and give them 
nothing but hay the day before loading, and no water for half a day. 
We have a record of what this shrinkage amounts to in the case of 
two lots, which, although the results differ widely, will give some 
indication of what it is. 
One lot of 88 head fed at Brush, Colo., when taken off the pulp 
ration at 10 p. m. weighed 112,740 pounds and at 8.45 p. m. the 
