30 BULLETIN 907, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
was tedded at least once and raked into Avindrows before loading. 
Tedders were used on only a small portion of the farms and no figures 
for the daily duty of one horse at this work are given. The large 
acreage covered per day per horse in raking in Madison County, 
Ohio, is due to the fact that on many of the farms there only one 
horse was used on the rake although in the other areas 2 horses 
were nearly always used regardless of the size of the rake. The 
daily duty of a horse at loading and hauling hay depended almost 
entirely on whether a loader was used and upon the size of the crew. 
The figures in Table 22 are simply averages of all farms in each area, 
regardless of the method of loading employed and the number of men 
and teams used for the work. 
Cutting and thrashing grain. — The small amounts of horse labor 
used for cutting grain in Madison County, Ind., and Knox County, 
111., are due to the fact that tractors did a larger portion of the work 
in these counties than in the other areas. Tractors were used for 
cutting over 50 per cent of the grain in both of these areas. Tractors 
were used for cutting nearly 50 per cent of the grain in Madison 
County, Ohio, but the acreage of small grain on the farms visited 
there (see Table 2) , was so great that the amount of horse labor used 
for this operation was greater than for any other area. 
The horse labor listed under thrashing includes all the labor used 
on these farms for hauling the bundles from the fields to the thrasher 
and for hauling the thrashed grain to the elevator or market when 
done by the regular thrashing crew. A large part of this work was 
" exchange labor," but in practically every case the horses « owned 
by the men interviewed did approximately an equal amount of work 
in thrashing on neighboring farms. While this work required on the 
average 31 days of horse labor and on most farms the thrashing was 
all done in one or two days, the use of the horses owned on a particular 
farm usually extended over a period of one to two weeks. 
Ha? vesting corn. — The amount of horse labor used for the different 
corn-harvesting operations reflects the practices in the different 
areas. The use of horses in cutting corn was confined entirely to the 
corn binder, and these machines were not in general use in any area 
except Seneca County, Ohio. The horse labor listed under " Silage" 
is only that used in hauling corn from the field to the ensilage cutter. 
On the average, husking from the standing stalk (see fig. 10) required 
a greater use of horses than any other of the corn harvesting opera- 
tions, but in Seneca County, Ohio, very little corn was harvested in 
this way, and in Madison County, Ohio, a considerable part of the 
crop was ensiled or cut and husked from the shock. The common 
practice there was to husk the corn by hand from the shock and 
throw it in piles, the only horse labor used being that required to haul 
the husked corn from field to the bin or crib. The amount of horse 
