MARKET MILK BUSINESS OF DETROIT, MICH., IN 1915. 21 
the larger companies fluctuated less than those of the smaller ones, 
possibly because their ownership of country stations enabled them 
to provide an ample supply and better facilities for utilizing any sur- 
plus. The smaller concerns, because of the comparatively small 
quantities handled, usually found the manufacture of by-products to 
be less profitable than the selling of a temporary surplus to whole- 
sale trade even at greatly reduced prices. | 
The small dealers usually made both wholesale and retail deliveries 
from the same wagon, while the larger dealers generally operated 
their wholesale routes separately. Because of the irregular and ex- 
acting service required by the wholesale trade, a large part of the 
sales to that class of trade is often made by special delivery trucks. 
Figure 8 gives a graphic presentation of the comparative amounts 
of wholesale business of large dealers handled by special delivery. 
Table XVI shows the investment required for delivery equipment 
in relation to the cost of delivering milk from city plants to the 
various classes of trade. 
TaBLE XVI.—Relation of costs per quart delivered to investments in delivery 
equipment, average number of quarts delivered per wagon, and per cent of 
sales at retail for 28 dealers. 
Investments in deliv- 
ery equipment. Average |. 
Number | quarts 
Cost per of deliv- |delivered gee 
quart.! Per ery per abrotail 
Total gallon | wagons.| wagon : 
: delivered daily. 
daily. 
Cents. 
0.5 $1, 005.00 $3. 24 1 1,240 0.0 
8 956.00 4.35 3 293 77.3 
.9 1, 527.00 9.25 1 660 50.0 
rll 14, 899. 10 8.92 14 477 54.5 
12 527.50 4.06 2 260 Wood 
1.2 7, 280.00 6.31 12 384 62.5 
is? 2, 480. 00 6.12 4 405 47.1 
12, 8, 779.00 6.05 14 414 93.3 
1.2 870.00 8.70 1 400 77.2 
es} 2, 907.00 12611 3 320 60.0 
a: 1, 180.00 8.74 1 540 77.3 
1.3 40, 050. 85 18.90 14 605 58.9 
1.4 170, 090. 04 17.52 99 392 81.3 
1.4 15, 055. 50 9.45 16 400 53.3 
1.4 692.00 8.14 1 340 62.5 
1.4 2, 096.00 6.45 3 433 76.9 
1.4 8,779, 00 6. 86 14 366 34.5 
15 3, 030. 00 10.10 4 300 65.0 
1.5 1,160.00 4.64 5 200 50.0 
1.5 1,595. 50 6.94 3 307 73.8 
1.5 575.00 14.38 1 160 85.0 
1.6 1,570.00 17.44 2 180 61.5 
1.6 2,740.00 8.06 4 340 74.5 
1.6 7,375. 00 17.35 4 425 65.0 
toe 785. 50 7.85 2 200 64.3 
Us 7 2, 623.33 7.83 3 447 71.4 
1.8 2, 831.50 5.34 6 353 80.0 
2:9 29, 225. 35 23.19 20 252 56.9 
21.38 211, 881.75 29.58 29 2 396 263.9 
1 These unit costs do not include items of administration, office expenses, advertising, licenses, insurance, 
taxes, and other miscellaneous expenses. 
2 Average. 
