16 BULLETIN 639, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
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Fic. 6.—Location of city milk plants in Detroit before compulsory pasteurization. 
quantities which were not needed by the trade, dealers utilized the 
surplus by manufacturing it into some less perishable product, such 
as butter, cheese, or condensed milk. : 
The various demands of consumers for goods put up in different- 
sized containers are graphically illustrated in figure 5. Although 
there were approximately an equal number of customers on each of 
the 14 routes, and though the value of sales was approximately the 
same, the demands for goods in different-sized containers varied 
greatly. To supply the demands for market milk and its deriva- 
tives it was necessary for dealers to equip their plants properly for 
distributing in the city the milk received from various producers in 
the country. 
PREPARING MILK FOR CITY DISTRIBUTION. 
BEFORE COMPULSORY PASTEURIZATION. 
Prior to the enforcement of the milk-pasteurization ordinance 
there were 158 milk dealers in Detroit, and the “ plants” were situ- 
ated in different parts of the city, as shown in figure 6. Twenty-four ~ 
dealers used the “ flash ” method of pasteurization and 19 the “ hold- 
ing” process. There were 91 dealers who bottled raw milk, each 
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