NURSERY PRACTICE ON THE NATIONAL FORESTS. 67 
Packing boxes of spruce 24 inches long by 14 inches wide by 15 
inches deep cost the Wind Kiver Nursery 29 cents each knocked 
down, and about 5 cents each to assemble at the nursery. Boxes of 
this size fit nicely into an ordinary wagon box, weigh approximately 
75 pounds when filled, and are a convenient size for packing on a 
horse. 
At the Cottonwood Nursery boxes or crates 12 inches by 14 inches 
by 2J or 3 feet are used. The 3-foot size will hold 20,000 2-0 Douglas 
fir, 7,500 2-1 Douglas fir, 10,000 1-0 yellow pine, or 6,250 1-1 yellow 
pine; the 2-foot size will hold 20 per cent less. A 16 by 16 by 24 inch 
crate at the Pilgrim Creek Nursery holds 800 1-2 western yellow 
pine, 1,000 1-1 bigtree, 1,250 1-1 western yellow pine, or 1,500 1-2 
sugar pine or 1-1 incense cedar. 
At the Savenac Nursery the trees are rolled in a strip of burlap 
for shipping. The device for making the rolls is somewhat on the 
order of a shingle-weaving machine. Two 6-foot lengths of lath 
yarn fastened by means of poultry netting staples to two wooden 
cleats (the cleats 18 inches apart and the two lengths of lath yarn 12 
inches apart) 2 feet long are first placed in the bottom of the packer. 
A strip of burlap 6 feet long and 21 inches wide is placed over the 
lath yarn and cleats, and over the burlap is laid a 6-foot sheet of 18- 
inch " butcher's " wrapping paper. The bunches of trees, after being 
moderately root pruned, are then laid in the packer in two tiers, roots 
to the center, each layer being well packed in wet shingle tow. When 
the container is full, the ends of paper and burlap are drawn to- 
gether at the top and the ends of the burlap are wrapped around a 
good hard strip of wood (tamarack 1 inch by 2 inches by 2 feet). 
The ends of this stick extends about 2 inches beyond the edges of the 
burlap. On these uncovered ends a grip is secured by means of a 
long tool — 16 inches — similar to a wagon hammer. With this pur- 
chase the burlap can be twisted as tight as its tearing resistance will 
permit. When the burlap has been drawn tight this wrenching tool 
is held in position by means of a catch on the packer and the hands 
are free to tie the bundle with the lath yarn. This completes the 
operation. The front side of the packer is let down and the bundle 
taken out (Pis. XXI and XXII). The burlap strips are saved in 
the field and at the close of the season shipped back to the nursery. 
Aside from a considerable lowering of the cost, a number of other 
advantages are claimed for this method; the number of trees per 
bundle can be varied; one man can pack approximately one-half 
million trees per day ; the bundles are easy to handle ; they will not 
break when thrown around; and they make a better pack for pack 
horses. 
