Plate I 
Fig. 1. — The old method of cutting a box or cavity in the butt of the tree. Disadvantages: The tree was 
weakened; it became a fire hazard; the box was difficult to empty; and wasteful as a receptacle for 
receiving gum from a high face. 
Fig. 2.— Stand which includes the trees selected from the narrow, double, and standard chipped tracts 
at Columbia, Miss., for detailed microscopic study throughout the respective seasons of 1916 and 1917. 
Note the presence of some suppressed trees. 
Fig. 3. — The American practice of placing an "advance streak" some weeks before regular chipping 
begins. (This picture was obtained through the courtesy of Mr. F. Canning of the Forest Service of 
India.) 
Fig. 4. — Appearance of a tree at the end of a standard 2-year commercial operation, at Columbia, Miss. 
Fig. 5.— Small or modified American face used experimentally on small timber on the Florida National 
Forest after 3 years' turpentining. 
Fig. 6.— French method of turpentining as practiced experimentally on small timber on the Florida 
National Forest after 3 years' turpentining. Note shape of face, chipping tool, and area freshened. 
