FARMING ON CUT-OVER LANDS. 
9 
profit. A good practice is to pasture hogs all summer on clover or 
alfalfa, then fatten them on corn, rye, or barley. The climate and 
the heavier soils are especially adapted to the production of barley. 
Some poultry is kept on practically every farm, but there are few 
'large poultry farms in the district. A small flock is maintained at 
little expense and furnishes eggs and meat for the family. 
There are 2.7 work horses per farm, an average tillable area of 
55.2 acres, and an average crop area of 49 acres. This is less than 
21 tillable acres and about 18 crop acres per horse. The horses 
could cultivate more land profitably. At present, however, they are 
used in clearing and in breaking new land, and during the winter 
months they are frequently employed in the lumber woods. 
Fig. o— In some sections sheep are valuable in utilizing pasture and for destroying second-growth sprouts. 
RELATION BETWEEN INCOME AND TILLABLE AREA. 
That there is a definite relation in this district between income and 
acreage under cultivation is clearly shown in Table 4. 
Table 4. — Income as affected by tillable area. 
[Average of 801 farms.] 
Tillable area per farm. 
Farms 
in 
group. 
Till- 
able 
area. 
Size of 
farm. 
Capital. 
Family 
income. 
Family 
labor 
income. 
Farm 
income. 
Labor 
income. 
50 
246 
237 
151 
54 
43 
20 
Acres. 
15.5 
31.6 
50.2 
68.8 
88.9 
115.1 
179.5 
Acres. 
60 
77 
107 
124 
148 
169 
254 
$3, 593 
5,011 
6,620 
7,707 
9,488 
11,099 
17,872 
$213 
339 
533 
622 
939 
1,179 
1,586 
$33 
203 
237 
467 
626 
693 
$62 
194 
377 
437 
667 
1,016 
1,388 
$118 
20.1 to 40 acres 
— 56 
40.1 to 60 acres 
47 
60.1 to 80 acres . 
52 
80.1 to 100 acres 
195 
100.1 to 140 acres 
463 
495 
Total and average of all farms . . 
801 
55.2 
108 
6,856 
559 
217 
391 
49 
55471°— Bull. 425—16- 
