48 BULLETIN 547, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
trade-mark; if not, they are loaded in a car of unbranded products. 
The central office takes care of the selling and forwards the proceeds 
to the local agents, who in turn make out the checks for the growers, 
payment being made within 24 hours after delivery of the goods. 
Under this system the growers do not have to wait for their returns. 
The association is able to do business on this basis, as a large surplus 
and good credit provide funds to cover payments to growers for all 
products delivered but unsold. Its present surplus is about $150,000, 
and this, together with a paid-up capital of $42,000, gives the exchange 
an ample working capital. Hereafter part of the net earnings will 
be returned to the growers in accordance with the amount of business 
transacted with the association. 
The exchange makes an extensive use of the telegraph in selling 
products. Information with regard to the markets is secured daily 
from salesmen and representatives in the various market centers. 
In addition to the salesmen, brokers are also employed in effecting 
sales and in a large number of cities direct telegraphic communica- 
tion with wholesalers is maintained. The fact that the exchange 
spends about $20,000 annually for telegraph service shows how 
important this form of communication is. The sales are for the 
most part made f. o. b. loading point; consequently the buyer 
assumes the risk of delay and normal deterioration in transit. Losses 
that are not included in this risk, and losses resulting from 
occasional bills that are impossible to collect, are borne by the 
association. 
The expenses of the business are met by charging a 5 per cent 
commission on the produce sold by the exchange and a 3 per cent 
commission on a small quantity of produce that is turned over to 
selling agents, which consists principally of odd lots and ofT-grade 
goods sold in near-by markets. The amount sold in this way never 
exceeds one-tenth of the total. 
This organization has brought about an intelligent distribution of 
the products of its members and has greatly expanded the territory 
serving as a market for the products of the region. The inspection 
service has resulted in standardization which insures good produce 
to the consumer and good prices to the producer. 
THE SHEBOYGAN COUNTY CHEESE PRODUCERS' FEDERATION, WISCONSIN. 
The Sheboygan Comity Cheese Producers' Federation was organized 
on account of dissatisfaction among the farmers with the prevailing 
methods of marketing. There was a widespread feeling that the 
prices on the Plymouth Cheese Board were fixed and thai the farmers 
were not receiving as much as they should. A number of meetings 
of farmers were held and in the summer of 1913 cheese producers' 
associations were organized at over 40 of the cheese factories, and 
