UTILIZATION OF WASTE SEED FROM THE TOMATO. 23 
operating oil mill, which would crush it either on a pro rata basis 
or on a flat contract, depending on the arrangements effected. 
If the Cobwell system of extraction be adopted, the wet seed would 
have to be accumulated at a central point, since the drying and ex- 
tracting are done at the same time. The operation of such a plant 
would necessarily cease with the packing season unless other material 
could be obtained for oil extraction. It has been suggested that 
butcher's trimmings, which are produced in the largest quantities 
mostly during the Avinter months, would supply the plant with ma- 
terial between seasons. 
COST OF HANDLING THE WASTE. 
In determining the approximate cost of a utilization project of this 
character it is necessary to consider the expense involved in all the 
operations from the assembling of the seed to the manufacture of 
the oil and press cake. This latter would, of course, involve the cost 
of the plant and equipment. 
SEPARATING THE SEED. 
As previously stated, the cost of seed separation is negligible, since 
in ordinary practice one man can operate three or four, or sometimes 
even six or eight, cyclone machines, depending on the character of the 
layout. Since a 5,000-basket plant usually operates two pulping 
cyclones, a single cyclone for separating the seed can readily be oper- 
ated with no extra labor charge. 
ASSEMBLING THE SEED. 
If the pulping station is located in a city or in any place from 
which seed or other waste must be hauled away, the cost of assembling 
such seed for shipment Avould place no financial burden on the re- 
covery operations, because in either event a hauling charge would be 
necessary. If, on the other hand, the station is located in the country, 
where no hauling charge is involved, there would be the necessary cost 
of loading the seed on a car for shipment to the utilization center. 
To ascertain the most satisfactory place for a central plant, data 
on freight rates were collected, showing the cost of delivery of seed 
to each of the following places : Philadelphia, Pa. ; Westfield, N. Y. ; 
Chicago, 111. ; and Indianapolis, Ind. If all the seed were shipped 
to one central point, the most likely center would be Westfield, N. Y., 
for the East, and Indianapolis, Ind., for the Middle West; but if the 
operation were to be conducted in a more or less restricted area, then 
the cheapest freight rates would, of course, group about the nearest 
center. 
At present there is no oil mill located at Westfield, N. Y., but this 
point is included, together with Chicago, Indianapolis, and Philadel- 
phia, in the estimates on freight charges. 
