THE BED SPRUCE. 83 
Table 44. — Cordivood volume of red spruce (old-field) in New Hampshire, baric excluded. 
Diameter 
breast high. 
Inches. 
Trees 40 feet high. 
Trees 50 feet high. 
Volume cutting 
to— 
Trees per cor 
i cutting to- 
Volume cutting 
to— 
inches. 4 inches. 
Cord. 
'6.'028~ 
Cord. 
0.032 
.051 
inches. 4 inches. 6 inches. 4 inches 
35.7 
31.2 
19.6 
Trees 60 feet high . 
0.046 
.077 
' .108 
.136 
.161 
.186 
.213 
.243 
0.047 
.074 
21.7 ' 
.100 
12.9 
.123 
9.2 
.146 
7.2 
.173 
6.2 
.199 
5.3 
.226 
4.7 
.255 
4.1 
21.3 
13.5 
10.0 
8.1 
6.8 
5.7 
5.0 
4.4 
3.5 
Cord. 
0.038 
.065 
.113 
.137 
Cord. 
0. 040 
.061 
.081 
.102 
.125 
.150 
Trees per cord, 
cutting to — 
inches. 4 inches. 
26.3 
15.4 
11.3 
Trees 70 feet high. 
0. 133 
.162 
.190 
.218 
.247 
.277 
0.142 
.171 
.199 
.229 
. 258 
25.0 
16.4 
12.3 
9.8 
8.0 
6.6 
7.5 
7.0 
6.2 
5.8 
5.2 
5.0 
4.5 
4.3 
4.0 
3.8 
3.6 
3.4 
Basis, 711 trees measured by T. S. Woolsey, jr., in Grafton County in 1903. 
One cord of stacked wood equals 96 cubic feet of solid wood and bark. 
TAPER MEASUREMENTS. 
Changing economic conditions, due to invention, increasing demand, 
and decreasing supply, cause corresponding changes in logging prac- 
tice and mill utilization. It is essential that we have some means 
readily available by which volume and other tables may be revised 
or new ones made as these changes take place. Taper tables afford 
such a means by showing for each 10-foot height class and each 1-inch 
diameter class (breastheight diameter measured outside the bark), 
the diameter inside the bark at 1-foot intervals from the ground up to 
4.5 feet (breastheight), and at 8.15-foot intervals above a 1-foot 
stump height. The allowance of 0.15 of a foot at each 8-foot section 
is for loss in trimming at the mill. The taper tables (Tables 45 to 49) 
for each of the four States are all for "old-growth" spruce, except 
Table 46, which is for "second-growth" or "old-field" spruce. 
