THE PEAR LEAF-WORM. Zo 
Poison spray.—Four pounds lead arsenate to 100 gallons water. 
Contact spray.—Fish-oil soap 4 pounds; water 100 gallons; nico- 
tine sulphate (40 per cent concentrate) 1 to 1,200; also the Govern- 
ment formula of distillate-oil emulsion and sulphate of nicotine.! 
In cases of ordinary infestation the contact spray such as is used 
for thrips larvee or aphids will prove successful in controlling the larva 
of the pear leaf-worm. When the infestation is severe and promises 
the defoliation: of limbs or whole trees the poison spray should be 
used. The best time for application is when the largest larve are 
about half grown and when the holes in the leaves are not larger 
than one-half inch in diameter. At this time nearly all the eggs have 
hatched. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
(1) 1883. Cooxz, MattnHew. Injurious Insects of the Orchard, Vineyard, etc., p. 
120-122, fig. 98, 99. 
Brief account of insect and habits in California. 
(2) 1896. Maruatt, C. L. Revision of the Nematine of North America. U. S. 
Dept. Agr. Tech. Ser. no. 3, p. 122, 123, fig. 10. 
Original description, erection of genus Gymnonychus. 
(3) 1915. Essie, E. O. Injurious and Beneficial Insects of California. Cal. State 
Comm, Hort., Supplement to the Monthly Bulletin, v. 4, no. 4, p. 360, 
fig. 356, 357. 
Brief general account of occurrence and habits in California. 
1¥Foster,S. W.,and Jones, P. R. Howto Control the Pear Thrips. U.S. Dep. Agr. Bur. Ent. Cire. 
131, p. 8. 1911. 
