PICKERING SPRAYS. 
23 
3-3-50, spray, containing 0.75 per cent of copper sulphate. A 
Pickering (A) spray containing 0.38 per cent of copper sulphate was 
used alone and in combination with rosin-fish-oil soap. One plat 
was held unsprayed as a check plat. The sprays were applied on 
May 18, May 27, June 15, and July 7, 1916. A power sprayer was 
used for each spraying with the Bordeaux and for the May sprayings 
with the Pickering spray, while a hand-pump sprayer was employed 
for the June and July applications of the Pickering spray. Because 
of injury to the vines sprayed with the strongest Pickering solutions 
after a severe hail storm occurring on June 11, no further applica- 
tions of these sprays were made. The spraying of one or two rows of 
grapes with the weaker Pickering sprays was, however, continued 
throughout the season. 
Table 6. — Effect of various sprays on blight and yield of grapes (New Jersey). 
Spray used. 
Cop- 
per 
sul- 
phate 
in 
spray. 
Condition of fruit when 
picked. 
Net 
weight 
of 
grapes 
picked 
from 
two 
rows. 
' 
Plat 
No. 
Sound. 
Black 
rot. 
Downy 
mil- 
dew. 
Total 
dis- 
eased. 
Spray injury noted June 13. 
1 
2 
2 
3 
3 
4 
5 
5 
Pickering (A) 
do 
Pickering (A)" and 
rosin-flsh-oil soap. 
Pickering (A)» 
do. 3 
do 
Pickering (C)« 
do 3 
Per ct. 
0.64 
.38 
.38 
.13 
.13 
.965 
.23 
.23 
.115 
.36 
. 75 
Per ct. 
0) 
0) 
0) 
76.12 
71.68 
69.63 
0) 
0) 
85.09 
0) 
92.91 
.00 
Per ct. 
C 1 ) 
0) 
0) 
21.17 
25.00 
25.98 
0) 
0) 
12.43 
0) 
6.79 
70.64 
Per ct. 
C 1 ) 
0) 
0) 
2.71 
3.33 
4.39 
C 1 ) 
0) 
1.48 
0) 
.29 
37.53 
Per ct. 
C 1 ) 
(') 
(') 
23.88 
28.33 
30.37 
0) 
0) 
14.01 
C 1 ) 
7.02 
100. 00 
Lbs. 
121 
411 
784 
""961* 
1,501 
949 
1,502 
892 
1,375 
830 
Leaves and fruit greatly 
injured; many buds de- 
stroyed. 
Almost complete defolia- 
tion: part of fruit de- 
stroyed. 
Do. 
Leaves noticeably injured. 
Do. 
Leaves slightly injured. 
Large proportion of leaves 
destroyed. 
Do. 
6 
7 
do 
do 
Leaves slightly injured. 
Large proportion of leaves 
destroyed. 
Leaves slightly injured. 
Check. . 
Bordeaux, 3-3-50 
1 Fungus control satisfactory, 
« Spray applied three times. 
3 Spray applied to first two rows four times. 
The results for the control of fungous diseases in New Jersey 
(Table 6) indicate that the control of disease was in direct proportion 
to the spray injury of the vines. Apparently the strongest Picker- 
ing spray, which contained 0.64 per cent of copper sulphate (plat 1), 
controlled the fungous diseases more effectively than the Bordeaux 
sprays, showing the high availability of the copper of the Pickering 
sprays. The injury, however, was so severe that the spray could 
not be used commercially. 
IN VIRGINIA. 
Two acres of grapes, largely Concords, in poor condition, in Vienna, 
Va., were sprayed with Pickering sprays and with a standard Bor- 
