BREAKAGE OF EGGS IN TRANSIT. ae 
Strength of fillers —The strength of various grades of strawboard 
fillers on the market was accurately measured in compression ma- 
chines, and, as indicated in Table 6, it varies with their respective 
weights. 
TABLE 6.—Crushing strength of fillers. 
Crushing | Strength 
Prade name. Weight per sct. 'strength.| of tips. 
Pounds. | Ounces. | Pounds. | Pounds. 
ING) Tae ane ak SL al ae oS Sa Se eT ee 3 12 685 57 
Ss. porehap aOR SS De rs ak ae ee 3 6 595 42 
Wy COUh aL. 5 Ser eo ae oe eg A 2) a 3 3 471 38 
Oh 2 egal es ue ee eee eS ne ea re a, Se 2 8 | 325 36 
The strength of the tips of the fillers was cbtained by subject- 
ing them to pressure in a like manner. The close relationship be- 
tween filler tips and damaged eggs is seen throughout this investiga- 
tion. It has been observed in field work, and amply proven in the 
laboratory. For example, the effect of measured blows delivered 
in a definite way against the end of the case did not wreck the shell 
of the egg until the tips of the fillers were bent so that the sides of 
the strawboard cell came in contact with the wood of the case. The 
tips of the so-called No. 1 fillers -were found to protect the eggs on 
the ends from becoming leakers more effectively than 3-pound or 
medium fillers, but heavy shocks were observed to cause a light 
eracking before these heavy tips failed. 
Fic. 9.—Longitudinal and transverse sections of an egg filler. 
The strips which form the cell walls of an egg filler are solid (B) 
on one side and slit (A) on the other (fig. 9). When the filler is com- 
pleted, half of the solid sides are upward in the filler, and the other 
half, running in a transverse direction, are downward. Added safety 
is gained by placing the upper solid side next to the end and center 
board of the case, as this prevents the egg from toppling over against 
the wood. 
