| UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
a BULLETIN No. 664 
Cs Contribution from the Bureau of Chemistry 
CARL L. ALSBERG, Chief 
| Washington, D. C. Vv | April 25, 1918 ; 
THE PREVENTION OF BREAKAGE OF || — 
EGGS IN TRANSIT WHEN SHIPPED || 
IN CARLOTS 
By 
M. E. PENNINGTON, Chief, Food Research Laboratory, H. A. McALEER, 
Investigator in Poultry and Egg Handling, and A. D. GREENLEE, 
Assistant Chemist, assisted by F. X. DAILEY and H. C. ALBIN 
CONTENTS 
. Page ‘Page 
Reason for the Investigation . . . . =. 1 | Results of the Investigation: 
Amount of Damage to Eggs During Factors Contributing to Transit 
WEMeIPEIN tats ee oe ee a Damage .. 2-222 -e+ s+ 12 
Progress of the Investigation: The Size ofthe Egg ..... 13 
General Plait ch wee ee eae 3 The Soundness of the Eggshell . 14 
Conditions at Point of Origin: The Character of the Package . 16 
The Eggsandthe Package. . . 3 The Position of the Egg in the 
Transfer of Eggs from Packing Package - . - 2 2 + e+ 2 - 18 
House 'to Gar os fc SS a! The Position of the Case in the 
StowingtheLoad. . ...... 5 Car... 2 2 ee eo 2 ee 20 
Placing CasesinCar ..... °-5 The Character of the Buffing and 
Buffing the Load with Straw .. 6 Bracing ofthe Load ... - 20 
Buffing the Load with Wooden The Construction of the Car . 26 
Co BMS ee een ee q Shocks During the Haul .-.. 27 
Bracing the Load ...... 8 Handling atthe Terminal . . . * 28 
PemebenrGnth Puls ce. sw O°} Summary 3606 0 sca a © aneeuae 
Conditions atthe Terminal) . . . . 10 
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22 
shah: bi at ad a pel a a al 
ft WASHINGTON 
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
1918 
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