34 BULLETIN 1301, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
HORTICULTURAL COOPERATORS 
A limited number of fruit trees are being propagated for trial 
by horticultural cooperators. About 1,000 plum trees, mostly on 
sand-cherry roots, and about 300 apple and crab trees on P. baccata 
roots were ready to send out in the spring of 1923. Varieties were 
chosen which had given the best results at the field station. 
Cooperators are chosen from those shelter-belt cooperators who 
have established satisfactory shelter belts and who are particularly 
interested in fruit growing. They must agree to care for the trees as 
directed, and to submit yearly reports of the results. Land must also 
be properly prepared. The regular square or rectangular system of 
planting trees will beused. Bysuch cooperation, the more promising 
fruit varieties will be thoroughly tested under widely varying con- 
ditions; and, at the same time, the plantings will serve as demonstra- 
tions which, if successful, should encourage growing of fruit for home 
use on the northern plains. 
ORNAMENTALS AND LANDSCAPE GARDENING 
ORNAMENTALS 
Under this class were included: (1) Deciduous and coniferous orna- 
mental trees; (2) ornamental shrubs and vines; (3) hedges: (4) hardy 
perennials; (5) annual flowers; and (6) hardy and tender bulbs. 
DECIDUOUS AND CONIFEROUS TREES 
A comparatively large number of tree species were grown in 
nursery rows to ascertain their hardiness, usefulness, and general 
adaptability for ornamental purposes. This experiment was begun 
in 1913 and continued until 1919, after which date very little variety 
testing was- undertaken and that was mostly with new plant intro- 
ductions received from the office of Foreign Seed and Plant Intro- 
duction. This work with tree species was supplementary to the 
shelter-belt investigations and will not be treated in detail in this 
report. 
SHRUBS AND VINES 
Testing ornamental shrubs and vines in nursery rows, in the 
arboretum, in the ornamentation of the station grounds, and in 
larger plantings, began when the station was started in 1913 and has 
been continuous. More than half the shrubs planted have been 
killed out or frozen back so severely and repeatedly as to indicate 
that they are unsuited for this region. 
The following is a list of the ornamental shrubs that survived three 
or more years: 
Artemisia sp. (S. P. I. No. 32237). Diervilla sessilifolia. 
Berberis thunbergi. Elaeagnus angustifolia. 
Caragana arborescens. Elaeagnus argentea. 
Caragana spinosa. Euonymus alatus. — 
Cornus siberica. Euonymus americanus. 
Cornus stolonifera. Forsythia suspensa fortunei. 
Cornus sanguinea. Halimodendron halodendron. 
Corylus americana. Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora. 
Cotoneaster sp. (C. acutifolia?). Lepargyrea argentea. 
Crataegus crusgalli. Lepargyrea canadensis. 
Crataegus pinnatifida. Ligustrum amurense. 
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