12 BULLETIN 1301, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
paring the land and planting and cultivating the trees. It is hoped 
that they will also serve to encourage farmers generally to purchase 
trees of hardy varieties and plant suitable shelter belts around their 
buildings. 
The first demonstration plantings were made in 1916. 
PROPAGATION OF PLANTING STOCK 
A nursery is maintained at the station for propagating the trees | 
for the demonstration plantings. Seed for the production of native 
tree species is collected locally, and as far as possible seed of introduced 
species is taken from blocks of trees growing at the station or on 
other plantings in the area, to insure hardiness. 
Table 8 shows the total number of trees of all species used in 
pmepeiratign plantings in the seven years from 1916 to 1922, in- 
clusive. 
TABLE 8.—Total number of trees of all species used in demonstration plantings each 
year in four States in the northern section of the Great Plains 
North |= uSeuth |= | 
Year | Montana Dakota Dakota. | W yoming | Total 
TREY Ge eS Se Ne ee | 451, 554 131, 803 83, 923 | 34, 631 | 701, 911 
TO og SE ae ee ls A cee So | 226, 870 84, 559 31, 931 | 14, 340 | 357, 700 
TOI OS shee eee ge Be ee ee ee | 84,516 | ~ 30, 688 20, 240 | 6, 858 | 142, 302 
POG eee ae eee ety hae oy See ce FE | 79, 906 62, 146 | 16, 651 | 3, 859 162, 562 
192) Mime eos See ee ete Pa S| 67, 463 29, 264 | 20, 071 | 7, 385 124, 183 
ID 2 peer aye aE eee en, ot = | 60, 636 29, 632 | 15, 949 | 5, 348 111, 565 
LA eNO 2a Se a ee ee | 75, 591 45, 154 33, 884 We alAL 165, 800 
TNO ete oe eS a ee | 1, 046, 536 413, 246 | 222, 649 | 83,592 | 1, 766, 023 
DISTRIBUTION OF TREES 
The accompanying map (fig. 3) shows the general manner in 
which the demonstrations have been distributed. The number of 
plantings made each year in the four states specified is shown in 
Table 9. 
TaBLE 9.—Number of demonstration plantings of trees in the northern section 
of the Great Plains, showing the percentage of plantings in active cooperation 
at the end of succeeding years 
Percentage of plantings active at end of— | 
| Number 
- Number | es 
Year planted | First |Second| Third |Fourth| Fifth | j99. | 2U”e1" 
year | year | year | year | year | 
| | | | 
| | | 
RON Gee Menara eg Mae oe 633 94 80 | 69 | 59 50 | 45 282 
TOY 7s ee SAR Ne an 232 95 | 74 58 | 50 | 46 44 103 
TOT eae ROE Re Se een ee 75 81 | 57 49 47 | 43 | 43 32 
TUG) 221 Slee cas ane guia ee eer Pa as 202 91 | 76 67 Ly (ee 57 116 
LOD ea ayers Den ee as had 92 97 | 88 | 785 | sere aL Ee ae 78 72 
ROD Te nee se USE wee eee ee 93 98 95) 2 ees eapar e [ies caer SN 95 88 
ROD Deere ee MALS ee Re eee 181 O7m eres oe fe Geel h Sates [aeeeeneee 97 176 
Total or average 1_--.-.---- 1,508 |, 94 79.7) 166 || hg") * eal | er aa 869 
1 The numbers in this line are computed from the totals and are not the averages of the percentages above 
them in the column. _ 
Failures have been due to one or more causes, the more common of 
which were improper planting, lack of care and cultivation, prolonged 
drought, and the owner leaving the farm. The years from 1917 to 
1920, inclusive, were all years of severe drought, so the percentage 
of successful plantings gives encouraging evidence of the possibility 
of starting shelter belts. 
Plantings for the years from 1916 to 1922, inclusive, were distributed 
to the different States as follows: Montana, 864, or 57 per cent; 
