6 BULLETIN 705. TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGBICTJLTL BE. 
TYPES OF FARMING. 
The number of farm records obtained in the survey made in 
Marion and Polk Counties in 1912 is not sufficient to justify com- 
parisons of the many types of farming to be found in the Willamette 
Valley. For this reason all of the records of the survey except 212, 
those representing general or mixed farming, were discarded. The 
types of farming practiced on these 212 farms will be considered 
from the standpoint of the use made of the rotation area, the live 
stock kept, and the sources of income. 
RELATION OF THE ROTATION AREA TO TYPE OF FARMING. 
Figure 1 represents graphically the use made of the rotation area 
on the two types of soil. Oats, it will be seen, were the most promi- 
CROP 
J.VERA&1. 
cTr 
68 SALEM CLAY 
FARMS 
OATS 
WHEAT 
HAY 
7 1.2 
32.8 
13.9 
43.0 
19.8 
65 
MB 
POTATOES 
1.2 
0.7 
1 
PAST URE 
3.7 
2.3 
MISC. CROPS 
SUMMER FALLOW 
2.0 
40.6 
1.2 
2*5 
■ 
144- SALEM SILT LOAM FARMS 
OATS 
WHEAT 
HAY 
CLOVER SEED 
43.7 
25.5 
26.5 
5.2 
38.3 
22-4- 
23.2 
4.5 
POTATOES 
3.6 
3.1 
PAST URE 
2.3 
2.0 
MISC. CROPS 
4.3 
3.8 
SUMMER FALLOW 
3.1 
1.7 
Fig. 1.— Utilization of rotation area on 212 farms in Marion and Polk Counties, Oreg. (1912).. 
nent crop grown, and oats and wheat occupy relatively about the 
same percentage of the rotation area on the clay farms as on the 
silt loam farms. The types of farming followed on the two soils 
differ materially in the percentage of the rotation area devoted to 
clover seed, hay, and summer fallow. The prominence of the oat 
crop and the difference in the uses made of the rotation, it will be 
seen later, have considerable influence on the comparative profit- 
ableness of farming on the two soils. 
RELATION OF LIVE STOCK TO TYPE OF FARMING. 
Figure 2 shows the number of animal units kept per 100 acres of 
improved land, and the number of animals of each kind kept per 
farm. It will be seen that dairy cows were the most important 
