EEFEIGEEATION OF DEESSED POULTEY IN TEANSIT. 
29 
were in immediate contact with the poultry packages containing the 
electric thermometers. The records are given in pairs, thermograph 
and thermometer, according to their position in the car. The tem- 
perature of the air in the car was not appreciably affected by the small 
changes which occurred in the atmospheric temperature. The tem- 
perature inside the poultry boxes was almost constant, even in those 
packages next to the bunker where the temperature of the air was 7 
or 8 degrees lower for a day or two. The car in which this shipment 
was made was of type C (Table 5) . Figure 17 presents the records of a 
shipment made in a type B car in very cold weather. The fluctua- 
tion in car temperature was marked and was very similar in all parts 
of the car. 
WARM WEATHER SHIPMENTS. 
85 
75 
The records of a shipment made in April are shown as figure 18. 
The weather was warmer than that which prevailed during the two 
shipments previously 
described. This ex- 
periment again shows 
that the temperature 
of the poultry does not 
fluctuate with the wide 
changes of the air of 
the car. Its fluctua- 
tions are much slower 
and smaller. The lower 
chart indicates the 
usual prevailing differ- 
ence in temperature be- 
tween the bunker end 
and center of the car. 
The charts shown as figure 19 are a detailed representation of the 
temperature records of a shipment made in April, 1912. This car 
was accompanied throughout the trip by two messengers. The poul- 
try was packed in small barrels, or kegs, which were loaded in a single 
course, one barrel high. Sections I, II, and III of this chart are ther- 
mograph records, and IV, V, and VI are electric thermometer records. 
The car, which was of type C, was insulated with hair felt, which 
in the floor was water soaked and very much decomposed. This 
faulty floor reduced the efficiency of the car to 0.71 as compared with 
1.03, the average for this type. It resulted, in some instances, in 
higher temperatures at the floor than at the top of the barrel. 
The temperature (F) of the poultry in the middle of the barrel next 
to the bunker changed very little, the change being much slower than 
in the air outside of the barrel (K and L) . Thermometers, G and H, 
6pm 6am. 6p-m- 6am. 
Fig. 14. — Temperatures in large car with three layers of half-inch 
insulation on roof, walls, and floor. 
