8 
BULLETIN 17, U. S. DEPAKTMENT OF AGKICULTUKE. 
records for the different periods indicated at the bottom of the chart. 
The figures at the side of the chart are degrees Fahrenheit. The 
periods of day and night are indicated at the bottom of the chart as 
solid or open rectangles. 
Shipment No. 2003 is an example of a shipment made under con- 
ditions that would have been satisfactory for citrus fruit. This ship- 
ment left the packing hcxuse in western Iowa on September 13, 1910. 
The haul occupied 6 days, during which time the temperature in 
the car increased from 32° to &6° F. (0° to 2.2° C), most of this rise 
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Fig. 1.— Deterioration as shown by ammoniacai nitrogen content of high-temperature and low-temperature 
shipments; and market temperature records. 
Two shipments held at similar temperatures in commission house: No. 2003, A=high-temperature ship- 
ment; No. 2069, B= low-temperature shipment. Condition based on analyses: I, At end of railroad haul; 
II, at end of period at commission house; III, after 4 days at retail store; IV, after 7 days at retail store. 
Two shipments held at similar temperatures in retail store: No. 2050, C= high-temperature shipment; 
No. 2096, D= low-temperature shipment. Condition based on analyses: V, At end of railroad haul; VI, 
after 4 days at retail store; VII, after 7 days at retail store. 
occurring during the first 24 hours. Experiment No. 2069 is a ship- 
ment wherein the temperatures during the haul averaged 10 degrees 
lower. This shipment, which originated in Tennessee, left for New 
York on November 2, 1911. The haul occupied 5 days, the maximum 
temperature, which was 30° F. (- 1.1° C), being reached on the day 
of arrival. The minimum temperature was 19° F. (-7.2° C), 
reached about 36 hours after the haul began. 
The respective temperature records of these two shipments and a 
graphic representation of the increase in ammoniacai nitrogen are 
shown as A and B in figure 1 . To make the differences readily observ- 
