AN" EXAMPLE OF SUCCESSFUL FAKM MANAGEMENT. 
21 
$15). The varieties set were Baldwin, Northern Spy, Wagener, and 
Rhode Island Greening, 20 trees of each. The type of soil on which 
this orchard was set is shown in figure 5. Ten trees each of five 
varieties of peach were also set, to find out what they would do on 
the soil at this elevation. 
On April 1, 1912, at the end of the second year under the new 
management, the owner's account with this farm was as shown in 
Table VI. 
Table VI. — Investment, expenses, and income on the 95-acre hill farm of Mr. 
English for the year ended March SI, 1912. 
Investment. 
Amount. 
1910 investment 
Improvements on barn 
Fencing 
New apple orchard, care of trees and setting. 
$1,950 
100 
50 
35 
Total investment. 
2, 135 
Expenses, 
Cost. 
Income. 
Gross 
receipts. 
Net 
receipts. 
$18.00 
25.00 
26.00 
3.60 
90.00 
10.00 
18.00 
4.00 
15.40 
2.40 
400 bushels of apples 
$360. 00 
55.80 
43.20 
408. 00 
39.00 
50 bushels of seed potatoes, at 50 
93 bushels of oats, at 60 cents 
60 bushels of buckwheat, at $1.50 
per hundredweight 
Commercial fertilizer for potatoes 
6 bushels of seed oats, at 60 cents — 
408 bushels of potatoes, at $1 
13 head of young cattle pastured, at 
$3 
Total 
900 pounds of acid phosphate for oats . 
4 bushels of buckwheat seed, at 60 
Total (not including household) 
212.40 
906. 00 
Owner's income (interest on 
investment not deducted). . 
$693.60 
Excluding the owner's superintendence and the use of a few tools, 
this sum represents a return of 32.5 per cent on the investment at the 
end of the second year. Allowing the owner $500 for his superin- 
tendence and $20 for the use of the tools, the investment still yielded 
an income of 9 per cent. 
LABOR PROBLEMS ON THE ENGLISH FARM. 
MAN LABOR. 
Since a better distribution of labor has been effected, it has been 
and is now employed by the year. Two men are kept on the 160-acre 
farm all the year and some extra help is occasionally required. The 
owner, of course, works with the men when the duties of superin- 
tendence permit, and an 18-year-old son works regularly. The 
men hired by the year are started at $30 per month, with a house, a 
garden plat, and the milk necessary for their family use. If they 
