24 
BULLETIN 1037, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
end doors of the ventilating type, these doors should be left open and 
the doorways cleated to prevent the stock from working out during 
transit. Lumber shipped in box cars must be stripped. 
HANDLING RAW STOCK IN THE YARDS. 
STORAGE OF LOGS AND BOLTS. 
When piling or cording logs and bolts in the yard for storage, it is 
important that they be kept off the ground by the use of clean skids 
or permanent foundations of seasoned fungus-free planks, stone, or 
cement. Such foundations should be placed on well-drained soil 
free from underbrush or weeds that might interfere with proper ven- 
tilation from beneath. 
Fig. 5. — Bolts loaded in a gondola car. Gondolas, stock, or vegetable cars are best 
adapted to the transportation of this type of raw stock. 
STORAGE OF BILLETS. 
Billets that are not turned at once should be stored upon dry 
foundations and in properly ventilated sheds (fig. 11). When suf- 
ficient storage space is available, the method of piling used by one 
of the large wheel manufacturers in the North, shown in figure 12, 
is recommended. 
STORAGE OF GREEN LUMBER. 
The methods of piling lumber are pretty well understood and need 
little explanation here (7) , 15 In general, it is well to select a location 
19 For information concerning this point, the reader is referred to Bulletin No. 552, 
United States Department of Agriculture (7), copies of which may be obtained from the 
Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington. D. C, at 10 cents 
per copy. 
