TIMBER GROWING IN THE LODGEPOLE PINE REGION 15 
ARROW BURN NEAR FRASER, COLO. 
On an extensive lodgepole pine area adjacent to Arrow and Middle 
Park, where cutting took place in 1908, slash was left where it fell. 
Although the removal was very heavy, a few unmerchantable old 
trees remained, as well as a good deal of advanced young growth. 
Reproduction followed with a density of several thousand seedlings 
to the acre. After a few years a fire ran through the slash, destroying 
all of the forest growth. Nevertheless, sufficient seed remained as a 
result of delayed germination from storage in unopened cones, so that 
complete restocking followed, resulting in an excellent stand on all 
portions of the area, except where subsequent fires have destroyed it. 
BIGELOW ESTATFJ NEAR TOLLAND, COLO. 
On about 2,000 acres cutting has occurred intermittently since about 
1910, varying from selection to clear cutting, with no attention to 
disposal of slash. Satisfactory restocking has taken place on all 
lands except those most recently cut over, where sufficient time has not 
elapsed for reseeding. 
CARBON TIMBER LANDS, SOUTHERN WYOMING 
These comprise approximately 30,000 acres within the Medicine 
Bow National Forest. All degrees of cutting were employed, and 
tops were left as they fell. Satisfactory reproduction has taken 
place in spite of heavy sheep grazing. 
Many other cutting areas and experimental plots on cut-over and 
burned-over areas could be cited where similar results have occurred. 
ENGELMANN SPRUCE TYPE 
Engelmann spruce begins to produce seed at about 25 years of 
age, but with no regular interval between large crops. Occurrence 
of killing frosts during blossom time seems to be the controlling 
feature. Partial shade favors natural reproduction. (PL 4.) Gen- 
erally little difficulty is experienced in obtaining ample restocking 
on cut-over spruce areas, provided the cutting is not followed by 
fires. Fire not only destroys the sources of seed but induces a rank 
growth of weeds and grass, making a condition very unfavorable for 
reproduction. Productivity in such instances can be restored only 
by planting. This situation emphasizes the importance of fire pro- 
tection in this type. Alpine fir seedlings often predominate even 
where the original stand contains only a small percentage of this 
species. Many of these seedlings are short lived, however, and dis- 
appear before the spruce reaches maturity. 
DOUGLAS FIR TYPE 
Douglas fir begins seed production when about 25 years old. In 
general, it is not a strong seeder, and germination is only moderately 
high. Investigations in the Douglas fir type in central Colorado 
covering a period of 14 years show that good seed years recur about 
every 3 years. However, 50 per cent of all the seed produced in that 
time was the crop of a single year. 
