44 
BULLETIN !_'!<;, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
carded to insure ;i representative sample. Otherwise, samples may 
be taken by lowering weighted bottles or cans into the material. 
The bottle or can should be fitted with a stopper winch can he re- 
moved by a string or wire attached to it alter it has been lowered 
to the proper depth. The three samples from hulk storage shall 
be tested separately for consistency in order to detect stratification. 
They may then be combined and thoroughly mixed for other tests 
that may he required. 
7. Where tank cars, distributors, or barrels are being filled. 
samples may conveniently he taken from the pipe line through 
which the material is flowing, as hereinafter described. 
(A) When Material is Pumped Under Pressure. 
Material 8. The sampling pipe shall he inserted into a rising section of 
pumped. the pipe line on the discharge side of the pump. The sampling 
pipe shall ho not more than one-eighth the diameter of the line 
pipe, and its Inner open end shall he turned at an angle of 90° 
facing the flow of the liquid. This pipe shall be provided with a 
plug cock and shall discharge into a. receiving drum of 50 gallons 
capacity. The plug cock shall he so adjusted that there is a 
Steady continuous flow of bituminous material through it and 
shall he so regulated that the receiver will fill in the same time 
that is required to make the entire pumping. In the case of semi- 
solid materials, the receiver shall he provided with a steam coil 
which shall keep the contents at a temperature just above the 
liquefying point. At completion of the pumping, the receiver 
shall he thoroughly agitated, and a 1-quart sample taken there- 
from. The sampling shall he so regulated that for each 1,000 
gallons of material pumped at least 1 gallon of sample is taken, 
hut 40 gallons shall he the limit required for any one cargo. 
Care should he taken that the drip cock, after once having 
been s«'t. allows a constant flow during the pumping. 
This method is also applicable to gravity Hows where the pipe 
line is completely filled by the outflowing liquid and has a rising 
section. 
Material 
Rowing by 
gravity. 
(V.) When Material Flows bt Gravity. 
0. Material flowing by gravity through pipes which are not 
completely tilled may he sampled by taking dipperfuls at the out- 
let at frequent and regular intervals. These samples shall be 
combined and the total sample shall he not less than 0.1 per cent 
of the whole material. The samples shall be collected in a re- 
ceiver and resampled as described in section 8. 
II. SAMPLING AT POINT OF DELIVERY. 
Liquid 
material in 
barrels. 
Solids mmd 
semisolids in 
barrels. 
10. Samples may he taken by means of a weighted bottle or can, 
as described in section 6, or from the unloading pipe line as de- 
scribed in section 7. 
Liquid bituminous materials shall he sampled before heating. 
Semisolid or solid bituminous materials shall be rendered fluid 
by heating. Sampling should be so conducted as to eliminate 
the possibility of adventitious water resulting from leaky steam 
beating coils, rain, or snow. 
11. Samples may be taken from distributors by means of a 
weighted bottle or can. as described in section (5. One sample 
shall he sufficient. 
12. in) Samples of liquid bituminous materials from barrels or 
drums may he secured by taking 1 quart of material from 1 out 
<.f every 10 packages, combining and thoroughly mixing these 
samples, and then removing an average sample from the com- 
bined material. 
(b) Sampling of solid or semisolid materials from barrels is 
more difficull to accomplish properly. It is recommended that 
samples he taken from each car lot. but if this sample fails to meet 
