COMPARATIVE SPINNING TESTS. 3 
exactly the same conditions for each kind of cotton used, so that the 
waste percentages might be comparable. 
The different lots of cotton were run on the same fly or roving 
frames and spinning frames throughout for the different numbers of 
yarn; that is, all cotton going into any certain number of yarn was 
subjected to the treatment of the same machines, and, where possible, 
the different lots were placed and run simultaneously through each 
process. Table I gives the respective drafts used in these machines. 
Table I. — Drafts used in the manufacture of each number of yarn. 
Num- 
bers. 
Slubber. 
First 
interme- 
diate. 
Second 
interme- 
diate. 
Jack 
frame. 
Spinning 
frame. 
10's . . . 
20's... 
30's... 
40's . . . 
50's . . . 
60's . . . 
80's... 
100's . . . 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3.63 
4 
4 
4.5 
4 
4 
4.17 
4.5 
5 
5.30 
5 
6 
5 
5 
5.5 
6 
6 
6.25 
8 
11.9 
8.26 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
6 
6.42 
7 
7.12 
7.25 
While the cotton was being manufactured, the humidity condi- 
tions were kept as nearly constant as possible. Records were taken 
hourly and the humidifiers were regulated accordingly. Records 
were taken also every thirty minutes during the time the tensile 
strength tests were being conducted. The desired point of relative 
humidity was 55 per cent in the raw cotton and picker rooms, 55 to 60 
per cent in the card room, 60 to 65 per cent in the spinning room, 
and 65 per cent in the yarn-testing room. Moisture tests were made 
also on samples of cotton selected from each place in the processes 
where the stock was weighed, and it was found that the differences 
in the percentages of moisture were comparatively small. 
The spinning qualities of the different lots of cotton were judged in 
the following manner: 
A broken end on a spinning frame was not pieced up until deter- 
minations were made as to the causes of the breakage. All ends 
breaking down, unless due to some mechanical defect, were charged 
against the particular grades or lots in which they occurred, and nota- 
tions were made as to the amount of fly waste from the different lots. 
There was no conclusive evidence of superiority in any one lot over 
any other in spinning. In a number of cases, the bobbins of each lot 
filled up on the spinning frames without an end breaking down. 
GRADE, STAPLE, AND PRICE COMPARISONS. 
In order to understand better the comparative relations between 
the lots of cotton to be used, samples were presented to a committee of 
cotton specialists of the Office of Markets and Rural Organization. It 
was thought that, judging from the general appearance of the different 
