72 BULLETIN 1476, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
stripe. Chitinized areas of the body heavily pigmented, especially 
about the tubercles; thoracic shield yellowish brown, bordered or 
emarginated and more or less spotted with dark brown; anal shield 
yellowish ; irregularly spotted with grayish brown. Chitinized areas 
of tubercles quite large, oval, and circular, yellowish and emargined 
with brown. Thoracic legs yellowish, claws brown; crochets on 
planta of prolegs triordinal. Spiracles ovate. 
Head polished brown to black, sometimes more or less blotched; 
mandibles strong, five-toothed, more or less square, distal tooth 
pointed. " Anterior setae A 1 and A 2 and puncture A a in a line or 
with A a a trifle postero-laterad of A 2 , not postero-dorsad ; A 2 some- 
what nearer to A 1 than to A 3 , A 1 , A 2 , and A 3 forming a decided 
obtuse angle'] (££, p. 17 %). 
The majority of the larvae in the field have five instars. In the 
rearing experiments shown in Tables 24 to 27 the majority of the 
larvae had four instars, a considerable number had five instars, and 
a few larvae had six instars ; and in one series a few individuals had 
seven instars. 
FIRST INSTAR 
Prothoracic shield averaging 0.25 millimeter. A perceptible inden- 
tation present, but no division of the shield along medio-dorsal line. 
Indentation at cephalo-medio dorsal point. 
SECOND INSTAR 
Prothoracic shield averaging 0.41 millimeter in width. Indentation 
along dorso-median line increased but shield not divided. 
THIRD INSTAR 
Prothoracic shield averaging 0.71 millimeter in width. Division or 
indentation extended to half way between cephalic and caudal 
margins along dorso-median line. 
FOURTH INSTAR 
Prothoracic shield averaging 0.98 millimeter in width. Division 
of shield complete. Color of prothoracic shield black. 
FIFTH INSTAR 
Prothoracic shield averaging 1.72 millimeters in width, light yellow 
maculated with darker, smoky-fuscous areas. Larval body usually 
more robust than preceding. 
THE PUPA 
Average length of male pupa, 13 to 14 millimeters; female, 16 to 
17 millimeters. Average width of male, 2 to 2.5 millimeters; female, 
3.5 to 4 millimeters. (Fig. 37.) 
Color yellowish brown; cephalic and caudal extremities brown to 
black ; cremaster nearly black ; dorsum of thorax darker than general 
body color, but not shining. 
Moderately slender; abdominal segments tapering caudad; sterna 
smooth; terga of abdominal segments with transverse wrinkles and 
two rows of spines on segments 1-7; appendages compacted against 
the body. Wings, maxillae, and mesothoracic and metathoracic legs 
approximately equal in length, extending to the mesal part of the 
fourth abdominal segment ventrad; metathoracic legs lying directly 
