PROGRESS REPORT OK THE EUROPEAN CORK BORER 137 
enemies of Pyrausta nubilalis in Europe, with a view of introducing 
the most promising species into this country. W. R. Thompson, in 
charge of this work, is now engaged with two assistants in conduct- 
ting a study of the biology and economic importance of several 
species of parasites which he has found attacking P. nubilalis _ in 
France, Italy, and Belgium. Eight species of the more promising 
parasites of the corn-borer larva and pupa have already been sent to 
this country by Doctor Thompson and liberated in the severely 
infested portion of the New England area. These consisted of the 
hymenopterons Habrobracon brevicornis Wesm., Eulimneria crassi- 
femur Thorn., Exeristes roborator Fabr., Angitia {Diodes) punctoria 
Eoman, Micro g aster tibialis Nees, Phaeogenes planifrons Wesm., 
and two tachinids, Masicera senilis Rond and Zenillia roseanae B. B. 
Prior to the introduction of these species Doctor Thompson con- 
ducted a thorough study of their habits, with special reference to the 
possibility of detrimental conflict between them. 
In addition to the foregoing, Doctor Thompson reports that he 
has reared from P. nubilalis larvae the tachinid Nemorilla maculosa 
Meig. Tricho gramma sp., probably closely allied to the American 
species, was also found as an egg parasite, but not very abundant. 
According to Doctor Thompson a few specimens of the tachinid Dex- 
odes nigripes Fall, and of the hymenopteron Eulophus sp. have been 
reared from P. nubilalis larvae by Professor Silvestri at Naples, 
Italy. 
The history, habits, and present status of the imported species of 
parasites have been reported (31) by D. W. Jones, of the Arlington, 
Mass., corn-borer laboratory, substantially as follows: 
Zenillia roseanae B. B. is a tachinid of much promise which para- 
sitizes small host larvae and emerges just before the pupation of the 
host. The two generations of this parasite synchronize perfectly 
with the seasonal history of its host in southern France. Hiberna- 
tion occurs as a second-instar larva within the host. Ninety adults 
were liberated during 1920 and 784 adults were liberated in 1921. 
It is planned eventually to carry on an extensive rearing project 
with this species to furnish a large number for liberation. 
Masicera senilis Rond. is a tachinid which is believed to be very 
closely related to the native species M. myoidea Desv. A total of. 
70 adults of this species were liberated in 1920 and 300 adults were 
liberated in 1921. 
Eulimneria crassifemur Thorn, is a large hymenopterous parasite 
having two generations a year in southern France. This species 
usually parasitizes small host larvae while they are in their feeding 
webs, and hibernates as a full-fed larva within a very compact 
cocoon. Thirty-one adults were liberated in 1920, 4,968 adults in 
1921, 733 adults in 1923, and 128 adults in 1924. 
Angitia (Dioctes) punctoria Roman is a very effective summer 
parasite in Italy. This species is very similar to E. crassifemur 
in appearance and habits, except that it parasitizes free-crawling 
larvae as well as those in feeding webs. Only 10 adults were liber- 
ated in 1921, 168 adults in 1922, and 555 adults in 1924. 
Exeristes roborator Fabr., one of the old Pimpla group, is a large 
hymenopteron equipped with a long, powerful ovipositor. This 
species is able to locate and parasitize full-grown larvae through 
cornstalks and other large woody stalks in which host larvae may 
