PLANTS IXSECTICIDAL PROPERTIES. 33 
Chrysanthemum marschallii Aschers. Synonym: Pyrethfum roseum Bieb. 
Caucasian insect floAvers. Caucasian region. 
This is one of the three species, recognized by the Insecticide and 
Fungicide Board of the United States Department of Agriculture 
(67, p. 1). from which genuine insect powder is made. 
Chrysanthemum myconis L. Mediterranean region. 
Passerini (66) says that the flower heads killed dog fleas, although 
very slowly. 
Chrysanthemum parthenium (L.) Pers. Synonyms: Matricaria, parthenium 
L.. Pyrethrum parthenium J. B. Smith. Feverfew. Europe, adventitious in 
the United States. 
Glover (34, p. 133) says that when the flowers are dried and per- 
fectly fresh they have an effect on roaches similar to that of insect 
powder. 
Kalbruner (47) found the flowers to have a benumbing effect on 
flies, acting within one or two hours. 
Passerini (66) says that the flower heads of Pyrethrum parthenium 
(L.) Bernh. were not effective against the insects tested. 
Chrysanthemum segetum L. Synonym: Pyrethrum segetum Moench. Corn- 
marigold. Europe. 
Landerer (-51) says that this is used in Greece and is as effective as 
Persian insect powder, particularly when it is used in fumigating. 
Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. Raxunculaceae. Synonym: C. serpentaria 
Pursh. Cohosh bugbane. Eastern United States. 
Sayre (78) says that the powdered roots, used as a dust, had no 
effect on crickets ; and also used in the form of a f umigant, an alco- 
holic extract and an aqueous extract, they had little or no effect 
on the insects. 
Cinchona succirubra Pavon. Rubiaceae. Peru. 
Cook and Hutchison (18, p. 4) ascertained that the powdered bark 
gave a fairly high percentage of mortality against fly larvae, but it 
did not seem entirely efficient. 
Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Cucurbitaceae. Synonyms: Cucumi.% 
colociinthis L., Colocynthis vulgaris Schrad. Colocynth. Asia, Africa, and 
southern Europe. 
Greshoff (31, p. 80) reports that a decoction of colocynth serves as 
an insecticide. 
Scott, Abbott, and Dudley (83, p. 5, 13, 26) found the pulp inef- 
fective against bedbugs, roaches, and clothes moths, and Abbott 
(1, p. 7, 11) found it of no value against chicken lice and the dog flea. 
Claviceps purpurea (Fries) Tulasne. 
Gomilevsky (28) reports that a water extract killed aphids, Psylla. 
thrips. and probably also other sucking insects and those unprotected 
by hairs. 
