46 BULLETIN 1111, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
vantages. For Hunt County alone it was figured several years ago 
that replacing other varieties with Lone Star increased the returns 
to the farmers by about $700,000 in a single season. 
The importance of maintaining and utilizing the variety by keep- 
ing up the supplies of good seed is so well appreciated in the com- 
munity of Greenville that a tract of 60 acres of typical black-land 
soil was secured and made available for the use of the seed-breeding 
station, under cooperative arrangements with the Chamber of Com- 
merce of Greenville. 
Selection of the Lone Star variety is being maintained on the 
basis of pedigreed progeny stocks, with the cooperation of many 
farmers. Owners of the farms surrounding the seed-breeding station 
have agreed to plant only the Lone Star cotton or some variety 
recommended by the station, so that the basic stocks of the variety 
can be protected from contamination. 
Another center of Lone Star seed production is being developed in 
southern Texas, around Tivoli and Austwell, in Refugio County, 
north of Corpus Christi, with precautions of continued selection, 
roguing. isolation from other cotton, and separate gins where this 
variety is handled exclusively. With these precautions extended 
over large acreages, high-quality planting seed can be made available 
in carload lots to other districts. 
In the spring of 1920, after all the stocks of good seed in northern 
Texas had been exhausted, a carload of seed from Austw T ell was 
ordered by express for growers of the Lone Star variety around 
Greenville, in order to replant their cotton, which had been destroyed 
repeatedly by bad weather. In addition to the price of the seed, 
the growers paid $800, or 75 cents a bushel, in shipping charges 
to get the seed promptly and avoid the necessity of using inferior 
seed or sacrificing the crop. That the seed was obtainable in 
southern Texas appeared very fortunate, to avoid a still more seri- 
ous impairment of supplies of good Lone Star seed around Green- 
ville as a result of very bad seasons in 1919 and 1920. The lesson 
of such an emergency is that dependence should not be placed upon 
any single district to furnish all the supplies of good seed of any 
important variety, but many communities, preferably in distant re- 
gions, should maintain supplies of pure seed that can become avail- 
able when needed. 
CONCLUSIONS. 
How to preserve and utilize superior varieties of cotton is a prob- 
lem worthy of scientific study, no less than the methods of developing 
varieties by breeding and selection. In most of our cotton-growing 
communities varieties are not preserved or utilized properly and are 
subject to rapid deterioration as a result of frequent buying of new 
