NORWAY PINE IN THE LAKE STATES. 
13 
basis of a census of 17 manufacturers in the former State and 12 in 
the latter. The proportion of Norway pine to the total cut of former 
years was no doubt small, but it has probably always formed from 
10 to 20 per cent. In 1906, H. H. Chapman, professor of forestry at 
the Yale Forest School, wrote: 
The proportion of Norway pine in the total annual cut in Wisconsin is rapidly 
increasing lately at the expense of white pine, and is now about 33 per cent of the 
annual cut of pine for the State, excluding hemlock, while in the Wisconsin Valley 
the proportion reaches nearly 50 per cent. In past years Norway pine formed only 
from 5 to 10 per cent of the Wisconsin pine cut. In Minnesota Norway pine forms 30 
per cent of the pine cut. 
A further cause for uncertainty with regard to the cut of Norway 
pine has been introduced by the increasing cut of jack pine, some of 
which is being marketed as "Norway." 
GRADES. 
Norway pine is graded under rules agreed upon by the Northern 
Pine Manufacturers' Association. These are given in Table 2. The 
details of each grade are discussed in a booklet of rules which can be 
obtained upon request from the secretary of the association. 
Table 2. — Standard grades of Norway pine. 
Thick finishing: 
1st. 2d, and 3d clear, 1\, l^,and2inch. 
A select, 1^, 1^, and 2 inch. 
B select, l{, 1|, and 2 inch. 
C select, 1|, 1^, and 2 inch. 
D select, 1J, 1J, and 2 inch. 
Inch finishing: 
1st, 2d, and 3d clear. 
A, B, C, and D select. 
D stock. 
C and better Norway. 
Siding: 
A and clear. 
B, C, D, andE. 
Flooring: 
A, B, C, and D flooring. 
Farmer's clear flooring. 
No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 fencing-, D. 
and M. 
Shiplap. grooved roofing, and D.and M.: 
No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3. 
Factory plank or shop common: 
No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 shop. 
Inch shop. 
Short box. 
Factory selects: 
Factory A select and better. 
Factory B and factory C select. 
Thick common lumber: 
Tank stock. 
Select common. 
No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, and No. 5 
common. 
Common boards: 
No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, and No. 5. 
Fencing: 
No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4. 
Dimension: 
No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 or cull. 
Lath: 
No. 1 and No. 2. 
PRICES. 
Norway pine has risen greatly in value during the past two decades. 
Virgin Norway was once purchased for less than 50 cents per thousand 
board feet. To-day values less than $4 per thousand board feet for 
