22 
BULLETIN 1266, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
by the Federation of the Danish Cooperative Creameries, which has 
established a number of factories to which milk from the neighbor- 
ing cooperative creameries is delivered. 
GRADING AND PACKING. 
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Cooperative effort to manufacture a uniform grade of high-quality 
butter has been stimulated by a unique system of competitive butter 
exhibitions. Several local competitive butter exhibitions are held 
in each district annually, which are arranged through the joint 
effort of the district cream- 
ery associations and the 
Dairy Managers' Associa- 
tion. A large exhibition is 
held in each Province an- 
nually, sponsored by the 
respective provincial agri- 
cultural societies. Partici- 
pation is voluntary, but the 
active interest among the 
producers and managers 
prompts most of the cream- 
eries to take part in these 
exhibitions. 
This effort to raise the 
quality standard of the en- 
tire production has been 
greatly encouraged through 
official butter-judging exhi- 
bitions held at the Govern- 
ment agricultural experi- 
ment laboratory at Copen- 
hagen on Monday of each 
week. Samples of butter 
from about 130 creameries 
are judged and scored each 
week, according to quality 
and water content, by nine 
official judges who are but- 
ter merchants, dairy special- 
ists, and butter makers. 
The exhibitions are arranged 
so that the judging of a 
creamery's butter may occur on the same day that the week's produc- 
tion reaches the English consumer's table. A leaflet with complete 
results of each exhibition is returned to each creamery. A creamery 
whose butter is below requirements is given expert advice regarding 
the defects. At first creameries voluntarily sent samples of their 
butter, but since 1912 these official butter judgings are compulsory 
for every creamery that wishes to use the "Lur Brand" trade-mark. 
As early as the nineties the Danish farmers began a voluntary 
movement to have the creameries use the common trade-mark in- 
cluding the words "Lur Brand" and "Danish Butter" (fig. 7). 
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Fig. 7. — The standard (fir-barrel) cask, 112 pounds 
net, with the Danish butter trade-mark " Lur 
Brand " stamped on two staves on opposite sides. 
It is indicated by two pairs of war trumpets 
with the words " Lur Brand " and " Danish but- 
ter." The word " Lur " is the old Danish name 
for war trumpets, sounded in pairs by warriors 
in the Bronze Age. 
