CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN WHEAT VARIETIES. 199 
pressed. The spikelets usually contain only one fertile floret, for 
which reason it is called 1-grained wheat. The terminal spikelets 
are aborted. ‘The palea splits into two parts at maturity. The ker- 
nels, which remain in the spikelets after thrashing, are pale red, 
slender, and very much compressed. The kernel crease is almost 
wanting. 
Einkorn is not commercially grown in America, and the species 
itself has no economic importance. The form most commonly grown 
experimentally is distinguished by the following key: 
KEY TO EINKORN. 
SPIKE AWNED, 
GLUMES GLABROUS. 
GLUMES WHITE (Triticum monococcum vulgare Kcke.). Page. 
IV /DIN USHER ET ACT WS 2 eae Se ee ETN O RIN/2 es St ae 199 
DESCRIPTION, HISTORY, AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE VARIETY. 
EINKORN. 
Description.—Plant winter habit, although usually it will mature seed from 
spring sowing, late, short; stem white, fine, strong; spike awned, fusiform, 
middense, erect; glumes glabrous, yellowish, long, narrow; shoulders narrow, 
apiculate; beaks narrow, acuminate, 1 to 2 mm. long; awns 8 to 10 cm. long; 
kernels red, midsized, soft, elliptical, acute, humped, compressed, usually 
inclosed in glumes; germ small; crease narrow, nearly wanting, shallow; 
cheeks rounded; brush small, short. 
This variety of einkorn is described as having a winter habit because the 
plant remains prostrate during most of the growing season. It usually will 
produce seed late in the season when sown in the spring and frequently has 
been grown as spring einkorn. <A spike, glumes, a spikelet, and kernels of 
einkorn are shown in Plate LX, B. : 
History.—kKinkorn apparently originated in southern Europe in prehistoric 
times. Seed of this cereal has been introduced into the United States several 
times, one of the earliest introductions by the department having been received 
from Vilmorin-Andrieux & Co., Paris, France, in 1901, but it is known to have 
been grown in the United States previous to that time. ‘The strain here 
described was obtained from Erfurt, Germany, in 1904. 
Distribution —Grown by mahy experiment stations throughout the United 
States, but not known to be grown commercially. 
UNIDENTIFIED VARIETIES. 
Among the wheat varieties grown in the United States are a few 
which have not yet been identified. Nearly 300 names were reported 
in the varietal survey, of which no material has been obtained and 
erown. Seed of many of these was requested, but not received. Ob- 
viously, some of the names reported were not properly applied to 
wheat. Others are probably local names used by only a few growers, 
but not published or generally established. The names of varieties 
which were reported but not grown or identified by the writers are 
