8 
BULLETIN 1234, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
The western portion of Hungary is rolling to hilly and very fertile. 
The rainfall over most of this region averages from 24 to 40 inches. 
To the east, between the valleys of the Danube and the Tisza, the 
country is level to rolling, with marshes along the rivers. On the east 
bank for many miles back from the Danube the soil is light and not 
suitable for wheat culture, so that the left bank of the Danube is 
famous for its rye known as Pest-rye after the county of that name. 
Rainfall in eastern Hungary ranges from 20 to 28 inches with areas 
averaging onlv from 16 to 20 inches. 
While all of Hungary is suited to agriculture, the western portion 
is the region in which most of the exportable surpluses of wheat, 
rye. barley, and oats are produced. 
In 1910, 4,190.527, or 55.1 per cent, of the population of the area 
now included in Hungary, depended upon agriculture as the source of 
their livelihood: 3.409,890, or 44.9 per cent, were engaged in other 
occupations: 1.506.000 were engaged in industry, 345,000 in com- 
merce and banking, and 1,559,000 in traffic, public service, adminis- 
tration, etc. 
The area of productive land in 1921, including forests, was 21,- 
500,000 acres, or 93.8 per cent. The area of unproductive land was 
1,421,000 acres, or 6.2 per cent. 
UTILIZATION OF LAND. 
Hungary is primarily an agricultural country, both by nature of 
her soil and climate, as well as by the percentage of her people 
occupied in tilling the soil. 
The manner in which the land of Hungary is now utilized, con- 
trasted with the manner in which the same area was utilized in 1911, 
is given in Table 3. 
Table 3. 
— Utilization of land in Hungary. 
CULTIVATED LAND. 
Classification. 
Old Kingdom of 
Hungary. 
Present Hungarian Territory. 
1911 
1911 
1921 
Cereals 
Leguminous plants 
Industrial plants ' 
Tubers roots, etc 
i 1,000 
acres. 
23,0S4 
72 
355 
2.417 
Per 
cent. 
74.3 
.2 
1.1 
7.8 
1,000 ; Per 
acres. cent. 
9. 77s 73.2 
24 .2 
177 1.3 
1,045 ] 7.S 
;. 90 
acres. 
>. 16$ 
145 
1,116 
Per 
cent. 
59.2 
.5 
1.1 
8.1 
Forage plants 
Other plants 
Untilled (fallow land) 
2,985 
'337 
1,824 
9.6 
1.1 
5.9 
1,415 10.6 
1 72 1. 3 
740 5. 6 
1,219 
520 
2. .MS 
8.8 
3.8 
1 B. 5 
Plow land 
31.074 
100.0 
13,351 100.0 
13. 784 
100.0 
A I 1. I. A.VD. 
Plow lands 
Meadows 
Pastures 
Hardens 



927 
1 L 5 
11.9 
1.3 
1.0 
. 2 
o! 2 
1 . 706 
Bl 
1.422 
58.2 
7.1 
11.0 
1.1 
2. 2 
. 1 
13 784 
l 646 
2,601 
246 
1,422 
60.1 
10.9 
1.1 
Vineyards 
Forests 

Unproduct ive 
701 

153 
3,632 
2.4 
11.8 
.1 
6.2 
Total 

100.0 
22,922 100. 
22,921 
100.0 
i Include flax . hi nrp, 
Note. [ncr. eln i Increase In fallo* land, 1,808,080 acres; de- 
